Human Health Studies Occupy Schedule on Wednesday

Human Health Studies Occupy Schedule on Wednesday

Expedition 70 Flight Engineers (from left) Alexander Grebenkin of Roscosmos, Matthew Dominick, and Jeanette Epps of NASA, pose for a photo together inside the International Space Station's Destiny module. The trio arrived to the station March 5 as part of NASA's Space-X Crew-8 mission, marking their first trip to the orbiting laboratory.
Expedition 70 Flight Engineers (from left) Alexander Grebenkin of Roscosmos, Matthew Dominick, and Jeanette Epps of NASA, pose for a photo together inside the International Space Station’s Destiny module. 

The International Space Station’s population is back down to seven as Monday saw the departure of NASA’s SpaceX Crew-7. The seven orbital residents of Expedition 70 spent Wednesday conducting a variety of human health research, while four crew members continue to adjust to life in space.

Astronauts Jasmin Moghbeli of NASA, Andreas Mogensen of ESA (European Space Agency), Satoshi Furukawa of JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency), and cosmonaut Konstantin Borisov of Roscosmos undocked from the forward-facing port of the Harmony module at 11:20 a.m. EDT Monday, March 11 before splashing down off the coast of Florida at 5:47 a.m. Tuesday, March 12. The quartet’s return to Earth marks the end of their six-month microgravity research mission.

Ahead of departure, Mogensen passed over command of the orbiting laboratory to cosmonaut Oleg Kononenko on Sunday, March 10. Now Commander, Kononenko will spend a few months more in space before heading back to Earth.

In the Columbus Laboratory Module, first-time station resident Jeanette Epps set up Kubik, a controlled-temperature incubator that is used to study biological samples in microgravity. The NASA Flight Engineer then moved onto some orbital plumbing tasks in the evening, before joining Flight Engineer Matthew Dominick for some crew orientation activities.

Dominick, also first-time station resident from NASA, collected blood samples in the morning for ongoing human health investigations in low-Earth orbit. By conducting human health research, doctors and scientists on Earth will gain a better understanding of how the body adapts to space. The data could be used to advance future science as missions stretch beyond low-Earth orbit.

Human health studies were also a main focus on Wednesday for Flight Engineers Michael Barratt and Loral O’Hara of NASA. The duo completed some tasks for the CIPHER investigation. CIPHER, or Complement of Integrated Protocols for Human Exploration Research, is an all-encompassing, total-body approach that examines how humans adapt to spaceflight.  In the afternoon, Barratt set up an ultrasound scanner and blood pressure measurement gear to conduct scans on O’Hara. In the evening, Barratt had his neck, clavicle, shoulder, and back of the knees scanned by Dominick, using another ultrasound scanning device.

Barratt and O’Hara also tackled some spacesuit prep on Wednesday. The duo removed and replaced components on spacesuits, including the water line vent tubes. Spacesuit work will continue throughout the week as the crew prepares for a round of spacewalks scheduled for later this year.

Over in the Roscosmos segment, Flight Engineer Alexander Grebenkin replaced condensate pump lines in the ventilation system before completing some crew orientation tasks as he continues to adjust to life in microgravity. Kononenko received an ultrasound eye exam guided by Flight Engineer Nikolai Chub of Roscosmos.


Learn more about station activities by following the space station blog, @space_station and @ISS_Research on X, as well as the ISS Facebook and ISS Instagram accounts.

Get weekly updates from NASA Johnson Space Center at: https://roundupreads.jsc.nasa.gov/

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Abby Graf

Cheers! NASA’s Webb Finds Ethanol, Other Icy Ingredients for Worlds

Cheers! NASA’s Webb Finds Ethanol, Other Icy Ingredients for Worlds

4 Min Read

Cheers! NASA’s Webb Finds Ethanol, Other Icy Ingredients for Worlds

An image of a region of a molecular cloud. The orange cloud is dense and bright close to the top of the image, like rolling clouds, and grows darker and more wispy toward the bottom and in the top corner. One bright star with six short diffraction spikes and several dimmer stars are visible as light spots among the clouds.
Webb MIRI image of a region near the protostar known as IRAS 23385. IRAS 23385 and IRAS 2a.
Credits:
NASA, ESA, CSA, W. Rocha (Leiden University)

What do margaritas, vinegar, and ant stings have in common? They contain chemical ingredients that NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope has identified surrounding two young protostars known as IRAS 2A and IRAS 23385. Although planets are not yet forming around those stars, these and other molecules detected there by Webb represent key ingredients for making potentially habitable worlds.

An international team of astronomers used Webb’s MIRI (Mid-Infrared Instrument) to identify a variety of icy compounds made up of complex organic molecules like ethanol (alcohol) and likely acetic acid (an ingredient in vinegar). This work builds on previous Webb detections of diverse ices in a cold, dark molecular cloud.

Image A: Parallel Field to Protostar IRAS 23385 (MIRI Image)

An image of a region of a molecular cloud. The orange cloud is dense and bright close to the top of the image, like rolling clouds, and grows darker and more wispy toward the bottom and in the top corner. One bright star with six short diffraction spikes and several dimmer stars are visible as light spots among the clouds.
This image at a wavelength of 15 microns was taken by MIRI (the Mid-Infrared Instrument) on NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope, of a region near the protostar known as IRAS 23385. IRAS 23385 and IRAS 2A (not visible in this image) were targets for a recent research effort by an international team of astronomers that used Webb to discover that the key ingredients for making potentially habitable worlds are present in early-stage protostars, where planets have not yet formed.
NASA, ESA, CSA, W. Rocha (Leiden University)

What is the origin of complex organic molecules (COMs) ?

“This finding contributes to one of the long-standing questions in astrochemistry,” said team leader Will Rocha of Leiden University in the Netherlands. “What is the origin of complex organic molecules, or COMs, in space? Are they made in the gas phase or in ices? The detection of COMs in ices suggests that solid-phase chemical reactions on the surfaces of cold dust grains can build complex kinds of molecules.”

As several COMs, including those detected in the solid phase in this research, were previously detected in the warm gas phase, it is now believed that they originate from the sublimation of ices. Sublimation is to change directly from a solid to a gas without becoming a liquid. Therefore, detecting COMs in ices makes astronomers hopeful about improved understanding of the origins of other, even larger molecules in space.

Scientists are also keen to explore to what extent these COMs are transported to planets at much later stages of protostellar evolution. COMs in cold ices are thought to be easier to transport from molecular clouds to planet-forming disks than warm, gaseous molecules. These icy COMs can therefore be incorporated into comets and asteroids, which in turn may collide with forming planets, delivering the ingredients for life to possibly flourish.

The science team also detected simpler molecules, including formic acid (which causes the burning sensation of an ant sting), methane, formaldehyde, and sulfur dioxide. Research suggests that sulfur-containing compounds like sulfur dioxide played an important role in driving metabolic reactions on the primitive Earth.

Image B: Complex Organic Molecules in IRAS 2A

Graphic titled “NGC 1333 IRAS 2A Protostar, MIRI Medium -Resolution Spectroscopy” shows a graph of optical depth on the y-axis versus wavelength of light in microns on the x-axis. The x-axis ranges from 6.8 microns on the left to 8.6 microns on the right, labeled in even increments of 0.2 microns. The y-axis ranges from 0 on the top to about 0.65 on the bottom, with labeled tick marks at 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6. A jagged white line with several prominent valleys extends horizontally. Vertical bands in different colors mark different wavelength regions and are labeled with molecular names and formulas.
NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope’s MIRI (Mid-Infrared Instrument) has identified a variety of complex organic molecules that are present in interstellar ices surrounding two protostars. These molecules, which are key ingredients for making potentially habitable worlds, include ethanol, formic acid, methane, and likely acetic acid, in the solid phase. The finding came from the study of two protostars, IRAS 2A and IRAS 23385, both of which are so young that they are not yet forming planets.
Illustration: NASA, ESA, CSA, L. Hustak (STScI). Science: W. Rocha (Leiden University).

Similar to the early stages of our own solar system?

Of particular interest is that one of the sources investigated, IRAS 2A, is characterized as a low-mass protostar. IRAS 2A may therefore be similar to the early stages of our own solar system. As such, the chemicals identified around this protostar were likely present in the first stages of development of our solar system and later delivered to the primitive Earth.

“All of these molecules can become part of comets and asteroids and eventually new planetary systems when the icy material is transported inward to the planet-forming disk as the protostellar system evolves,” said Ewine van Dishoeck of Leiden University, one of the coordinators of the science program. “We look forward to following this astrochemical trail step-by-step with more Webb data in the coming years.”

These observations were made for the JOYS+ (James Webb Observations of Young ProtoStars) program. The team dedicated these results to team member Harold Linnartz, who unexpectedly passed away in December 2023, shortly after the acceptance of this paper.

This research has been accepted for publication in the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics.

The James Webb Space Telescope is the world’s premier space science observatory. Webb is solving mysteries in our solar system, looking beyond to distant worlds around other stars, and probing the mysterious structures and origins of our universe and our place in it. Webb is an international program led by NASA with its partners, ESA (European Space Agency) and the Canadian Space Agency.

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Download full resolution images for this article from the Space Telescope Science Institute.
This research has been accepted for publication in the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics.

Media Contacts

Laura Betzlaura.e.betz@nasa.gov, Rob Gutrorob.gutro@nasa.gov
NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md.

Christine Pulliamcpulliam@stsci.edu
Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, Md.

Related Information

Molecular Clouds

Protostars

Star Lifecycle

More Webb News – https://science.nasa.gov/mission/webb/latestnews/

More Webb Images – https://science.nasa.gov/mission/webb/multimedia/images/

Webb Mission Page – https://science.nasa.gov/mission/webb/

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Last Updated
Mar 13, 2024
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NASA Glenn Prepares Media for Solar Eclipse Event 

NASA Glenn Prepares Media for Solar Eclipse Event 

1 min read

Preparations for Next Moonwalk Simulations Underway (and Underwater)

NASA Glenn Research Center’s Public Affairs Specialist Nikki Welch discusses use and safety factors of NASA-branded safety glasses for viewing solar eclipses with media representatives. 
Credit: NASA/John Oldham 

NASA Glenn Research Center’s Office of Communications invited media to an Eclipse Preview at Great Lakes Science Center (GLSC), home of the NASA Glenn Visitor Center, on Feb. 13. During the event, news outlets previewed the Science Center’s Total Eclipse Fest 2024, which is scheduled to take place April 6-8, and learned everything they need to know to cover the event and the total solar eclipse.

NASA Glenn Research Center’s News Chief Jan Wittry talks with media about the upcoming total solar eclipse during the media day at Great Lakes Science Center.
Credit: NASA/John Oldham 

Representatives from NASA Glenn in Cleveland, GLSC, and The Cleveland Orchestra shared information on what to expect during the three-day festival. NASA Glenn experts explained the science behind the solar eclipse, eclipse viewing safely, and how NASA studies eclipses to make new discoveries about the Sun, Earth, and our space environment. 

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Kelly M. Matter

Tri-C Students Shadow NASA Professionals  

Tri-C Students Shadow NASA Professionals  

1 min read

Preparations for Next Moonwalk Simulations Underway (and Underwater)

A student, left, looks at a 3D printer on a table as a NASA employee, right, explains how it works and why it is important to research.
NASA Glenn aerospace engineer Jonah Sachs-Wetstone, right, explains to Cuyahoga Community College student Rayan Jami how 3D printers in the Innovation Lab produce rapid prototyping.
Credit: NASA/Jef Janis

Students from Cuyahoga Community College (Tri-C) visited NASA’s Glenn Research Center in Cleveland on Feb. 15 to shadow NASA professionals in a variety of career areas – from offices to laboratories. During the event, students and their advisor acquired knowledge about the NASA Internship Program, Pathways Internship Program, and NASA Community College Aerospace Scholars program.

A well-dressed college student, left, and a subject matter expert sit across from each other at a large desk. A large screen with faces of online meeting attendees shows on a large screen in the background.
NASA Safety Center’s Kevin Rainbolt, right, reviews Safety & Mission Assurance agency enterprise solutions with Cuyahoga Community College student Evan Sims.
Credit: NASA/Jef Janis

In addition to the presentations, students moved through various exhibit stations, which included the Graphics and Visualization Lab, Space Communications and Navigation, and Can You Drive My Rover (Arduino) demonstration.              

Four people sit around a large table in a well-lit meeting room in a discussion. A blank dry erase board hangs in the background.
Members of NASA Glenn’s Office of Communications talk with a Cuyahoga Community College student about career areas in communications. Left to right: Jacqueline Minerd, Rosemilley Agosto Ruiz (student), Brian Newbacher, and Jan Wittry.
Credit: NASA/Jef Janis

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Kelly M. Matter

Engaging Students at Gallery Opening

Engaging Students at Gallery Opening

1 min read

Preparations for Next Moonwalk Simulations Underway (and Underwater)

Two representatives from NASA stand in front of a table surrounded by students who are asking questions. Information on the eclipse and NASA Connect is on the table.
Event Coordinator Wyatt Clark, left, and NASA Glenn NextGen Ambassador Emily Armbrust, right, talk with students about internships and the upcoming total solar eclipse.
Credit: NASA/Kelly DiFrancesco

On Feb. 23, NASA’s Glenn Research Center representatives were on hand to help celebrate the ribbon cutting and opening of Great Lakes Science Center’s Cleveland Creates Gallery. The gallery highlights the extraordinary breakthroughs being made by the city of Cleveland’s diverse industries.  

During the opening, several hundred middle and high school students and museum visitors stopped by a NASA Glenn information table to learn more about NASA’s internship programs and the agency’s upcoming presence at the Total Eclipse Fest 2024, April 6–8.  

A NASA employee sits on the edge of a table with hardware behind her. A video of her work is on a screen, and her photo and credentials are displayed.
NASA’s Glenn Research Center engineer Erin Rezich was featured in Great Lakes Science Center’s Cleveland Creates Gallery and Emerging Tech Expo for her work with NASA’s Volatiles Investigating Polar Exploration Rover, or VIPER.
Credit: Ken Blaze/Great Lakes Science Center 

Glenn aerospace engineer Erin Rezich, who is featured in the gallery, participated in an afternoon panel discussion with other contributors. She shared insights on her career at NASA, mentors who inspired her, and words of advice for the several hundred middle and high school students in attendance.  

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Kelly M. Matter