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APOD: 2026 October 4 – Supernumerary Rainbows over New Jersey

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APOD: 2026 October 4 – Supernumerary Rainbows over New Jersey

 

APOD

Astronomy Picture of the Day

Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer.

The top of a house is shown beneath a dark and cloudy sky. Many rainbow stripes are seen above the house.

Supernumerary Rainbows over New Jersey

Explanation: Yes, but can your rainbow do this? After the remnants of Hurricane Florence passed over the Jersey Shore, New Jersey, USA in 2018, the Sun came out in one direction but something quite unusual appeared in the opposite direction: a hall of rainbows. Over the course of the next half hour, to the delight of the photographer and his daughter, vibrant supernumerary rainbows faded in and out, with at least five captured in this featured single shot. Supernumerary rainbows only form when falling water droplets are all nearly the same size and typically less than a millimeter across. Then, sunlight will not only reflect from inside the raindrops, but interfere, a wave phenomenon similar to ripples on a pond when a stone is thrown in. In fact, supernumerary rainbows can only be explained with waves, and their noted existence in the early 1800s was considered early evidence of light’s wave nature.

Your Sky Surprise: What picture did APOD feature on your birthday? (post 1995)
Tomorrow’s picture: open space

Date October 4, 2026
Credit & Copyright John Entwistle
Authors & editors: Robert Nemiroff, Jerry Bonnell, Cecilia Chirenti, Keighley Rockcliffe
A service of: ASD at NASA / GSFC,
NASA Science Activation & Michigan Tech. U.

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APOD: 2026 October 3 – Selfie at Vera Rubin Ridge


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NASA, SpaceX Set No Earlier Than Oct. 7 for Crew-12 Departure 

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NASA, SpaceX Set No Earlier Than Oct. 7 for Crew-12 Departure 

The four members of NASA's SpaceX Crew-12 mission to the International Space Station pose together for an official crew portrait. From left are, Roscosmos cosmonaut and Mission Specialist Andrey Fedyaev, NASA astronauts Jessica Meir and Jack Hathaway, Commander and Pilot respectively, and ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut and Mission Specialist Sophie Adenot.
The four members of NASA’s SpaceX Crew-12 mission to the International Space Station pose together for an official crew portrait. From left are, Roscosmos cosmonaut Andrey Fedyaev, NASA astronauts Jessica Meir and Jack Hathaway, and ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Sophie Adenot.
NASA

Following a review weather and splashdown conditions off the coast of California, NASA and SpaceX are targeting no earlier than 1:05 a.m. EDT, Wednesday, Oct. 7, for the undocking of the agency’s Crew-12 mission from the International Space Station. 

An Oct. 7 undock puts NASA astronauts Jessica Meir and Jack Hathaway, ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Sophie Adenot, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Andrey Fedyaev on a schedule to splash down off the coast of California about 11:25 a.m. on Thursday, Oct. 8. The exact splashdown time down could adjust slightly pending on the return location selected. 

Mission managers will continue monitoring conditions in the recovery area, as undocking of the SpaceX Dragon depends on spacecraft readiness, recovery team readiness, weather, sea states, and other factors. NASA and SpaceX will select a specific splashdown time and location closer to the Crew-12 spacecraft undocking. The next weather review will take place about 48 hours prior to undocking. 

On Sunday, Oct. 4, the departing Crew-12 crew members will officially transfer their mission responsibilities to their new crewmates. Meir will hand over command of the space station to Roscosmos cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov during a change-of-command and farewell ceremony beginning at 10:20 a.m. EDT. The crew’s farewell remarks and change-of-command ceremony will stream through a variety of platforms. Learn where to watch online: 

https://www.nasa.gov/live

NASA will provide more information about the agency’s coverage in the coming days.

Learn more about station activities by following the space station blog, @space_station on X, as well as the ISS Facebook and ISS Instagram accounts.

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Mark A. Garcia

APOD: 2026 October 3 – Selfie at Vera Rubin Ridge

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APOD: 2026 October 3 – Selfie at Vera Rubin Ridge

 

APOD

Astronomy Picture of the Day

Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer.

Fisheye wide-angle image of the Curiosity rover on Mars.

Selfie at Vera Rubin Ridge

Explanation: On sol 1943 of its journey of exploration across the surface of Mars, the Curiosity Rover recorded this selfie at the south rim of Vera Rubin Ridge. Of course a sol is a Martian solar day, about 40 minutes longer than an Earth day. Curiosity’s sol 1943 corresponds to Earth date January 23, 2018. Also composed as an interactive 360 degree VR, the mosaicked panorama combines 61 exposures taken by the small car-sized rover’s Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI). Frames containing the imager’s arm have been edited out while the extended background used was taken by the rover’s Mastcam on sol 1903. At the top of the rover’s mast, sitting above the Mastcam, the laser-firing ChemCam housing blocks out the distant, 5 kilometer high peak of Mount Sharp. On Earth date August 26, 2026, Curiosity marked an total elevation gain of 1 kilometer in its trek from the floor of Gale Crater up the slope of Mount Sharp.

APOD’s email for image submissions has changed. Please see: APOD Submissions.
Tomorrow’s picture: Sunday’s Childe

Date October 3, 2026
Credit: Image Credit: NASA, JPL-Caltech, MSSS – Panorama: Andrew Bodrov
Authors & editors: Jerry Bonnell, Cecilia Chirenti, Robert Nemiroff, Keighley Rockcliffe
A service of: ASD at NASA / GSFC,
NASA Science Activation & Michigan Tech. U.

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APOD: 2026 October 2 – The Complete Sharpless Catalog: 313 Nebulas


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Station Crew Expands as NASA’s SpaceX Crew-12 Prepares to Depart

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Station Crew Expands as NASA’s SpaceX Crew-12 Prepares to Depart

The four members of NASA's SpaceX Crew-12 mission pose for a portrait inside the vestibule between the SpaceX Dragon spacecraft and the International Space Station. Clockwise from left are, NASA astronauts Jessica Meir and Jack Hathaway, ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Sophie Adenot, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Andrey Fedyaev who is displaying their mission's insignia sticker.
The four members of NASA’s SpaceX Crew-12 mission pose for a portrait inside the vestibule between the SpaceX Dragon spacecraft and the International Space Station. Clockwise from left, are crewmates Jessica Meir, Jack Hathaway, Sophie Adenot, and Andrey Fedyaev.
NASA/Anil Menon

The Expedition 75 crew slept in Friday and spent the rest of the day relaxing following the Oct. 1 arrival of NASA’s SpaceX Crew-13 mission. The four new crew members, who arrived after a record-setting 7-hour, 55-minute Dragon spacecraft flight from Florida, bring the number of people living aboard the International Space Station to 11. 

NASA astronauts Jessica Watkins and Luke Delaney, CSA (Canadian Space Agency) astronaut Joshua Kutryk, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Sergey Teteryatnikov will spend the next few days getting used life to in weightlessness and familiarizing themselves with station systems. 

On Saturday, Oct. 3, Crew-13 will spend the day unpacking Dragon, transferring standard safety gear into its spacecraft, and discussing emergency roles and responsibilities. 

On Sunday, Oct. 4, the departing Crew-12 crew members will officially transfer their mission responsibilities to their new crewmates. NASA astronaut Jessica Meir also will hand over command of the space station to Roscosmos cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov during a change-of-command and farewell ceremony beginning at 10:20 a.m. EDT. 

The crew’s farewell remarks and change-of-command ceremony will stream through a variety of platforms. Learn where to watch online: 

https://www.nasa.gov/live

The homebound Crew‑12 crew members have spent the past several days packing cargo, configuring Dragon systems, and testing their pressure suits in preparation for their return.

NASA and SpaceX continue to monitor weather conditions off the California coast, with additional departure weather briefings planned over the weekend. Weather permitting, Meir, NASA astronaut Jack Hathaway, ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Sophie Adenot, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Andrey Fedyaev could begin their trip home as early as Monday, Oct. 5. NASA will share more information and issue an advisory for Crew‑12’s return to Earth following the upcoming weather briefings.

Learn more about station activities by following the space station blog, @space_station on X, as well as the ISS Facebook and ISS Instagram accounts.

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Mark A. Garcia

NASA Astronaut Christina Koch to Join NFL Fans in Philadelphia

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NASA Astronaut Christina Koch to Join NFL Fans in Philadelphia

NASA astronaut Christina Koch is seen during an event to award the Congressional Space Medal of Honor to the Artemis II crew, Friday, Aug. 28, 2026, at the agency’s Johnson Space Center in Houston.
Credit: NASA/John Kraus

As part of NASA’s ongoing Inspiration Tour, NASA astronaut Christina Koch will highlight America’s strengths in space exploration and aeronautics innovation at the Philadelphia Eagles vs. Los Angeles Rams game in Philadelphia on Sunday, Oct. 4.

A self-proclaimed Philadelphia sports fan, Koch is an explorer and engineer who spent a total of 338 days in space across two missions, including serving as a mission specialist for the agency’s Artemis II mission earlier this year. On April 1, Koch launched from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida aboard the Orion spacecraft on top of the agency’s SLS (Space Launch System) rocket as part of Artemis II. Koch and her fellow crew members completed a historic lunar flyby, marking humanity’s return to the vicinity of the Moon for the first time in more than 50 years.

NASA team members will engage with fans at the agency’s Experience Zone, located outside the stadium from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. before the game. Fans can learn more about NASA’s return to the Moon through the agency’s Artemis program, enjoy interactive games, and capture photos at a selfie station and with a large, inflatable NASA logo.

With stops across the nation, NASA’s Inspiration Tour convenes academic, industry, and public sector stakeholders to connect the agency with the people, technologies, and organizations that drive American leadership in space.

The tour will culminate in MAX POWER, a public exposition of American air and space innovation, Saturday, Nov. 7, and Sunday, Nov. 8, on and near the agency’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Held in honor of America’s historic 250th anniversary, the multi-day, family-friendly event will showcase the next-generation aircraft, spacecraft, autonomous vehicles, and technologies that will help define the future of transportation in air and space.

For more information about MAX POWER and the agency’s missions, visit:

https://www.nasa.gov/maxpower

-end-

Camille Gallo / Jessica Taveau
Headquarters, Washington
202-358-1600
camille.m.gallo@nasa.gov / jessica.c.taveau@nasa.gov

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Last Updated

Oct 02, 2026

Editor
Jessica Taveau
Location
NASA Headquarters

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