Cargo Craft Departs Before Two Resupply Spacecraft Launch

Cargo Craft Departs Before Two Resupply Spacecraft Launch

JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) astronaut Kimiya Yui smiles for a portrait after trimming NASA astronaut Mike Fincke's hair aboard the International Space Station.
JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) astronaut Kimiya Yui smiles for a portrait after trimming NASA astronaut Mike Fincke’s hair aboard the International Space Station.
NASA

The Zvezda service module’s rear port opened up today after the undocking and departure of the trash-filled Progress 91 cargo craft completing a six-and-a-half-month stay at the International Space Station. The vacant port now awaits the arrival of the Progress 93 cargo craft set to launch from Kazakhstan at 11:54 a.m. EDT on Thursday. The new Progress, from Roscosmos and packed with 2.8 tons of cargo, is set to dock to Zvezda at 1:27 p.m. on Saturday following its automated approach and rendezvous maneuvers resupplying the Expedition 73 crew. NASA+ will begin its live launch broadcast at 11:30 a.m. on Thursday followed by docking coverage beginning at 12:30 p.m. on Saturday.

Just over a day later, Northrop Grumman’s expanded Cygnus XL cargo craft will launch atop a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from Florida at 6:11 p.m. on Sunday, Sept. 14. Cygnus XL will orbit Earth for two-and-a-half-days before catching up to the orbital outpost. NASA Flight Engineers Jonny Kim and Zena Cardman will be at the controls of the Canadarm2 robotic arm ready to capture the Cygnus when it reaches a point about 10 meters away from the space station. Engineers on the ground will then take over and remotely command Canadarm2 to maneuver Cygnus in its grips toward the Unity module’s Earth-facing port where the cargo craft will be installed.

Kim and Cardman spent Tuesday training for the arrival Cygnus XL, first reviewing its mission profile and the tools and procedures they will use during the spacecraft’s approach and rendezvous. Second, they practiced on a computer the robotic maneuvers and commanding techniques necessary to grapple Cygnus when it reaches its capture point near the orbital outpost. Kim and Cardman will be on duty when Cygnus arrives for its capture at 6:35 a.m. on Wednesday, Sept. 17, loaded with over 11,000 pounds of new science and supplies.

Station flight engineers Mike Fincke of NASA and Kimiya Yui of JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) focused on lab hardware on Tuesday checking electronics equipment and readying scientific gear for deployment. Fincke spent his shift inside the Columbus laboratory module testing power outlets, activating a laptop computer, and connecting cable. Yui worked in the Kibo laboratory module installing CubeSats inside a small satellite deployer that will soon be placed outside the space station. The shoebox-sized satellites will be deployed into Earth orbit for educational, public, and private research.

Researchers from around the world continue studying how crew members adapt their sense of balance and orientation in microgravity to train new crews for future space missions. Station Commander Sergey Ryzhikov and Flight Engineer Alexey Zubritsky took turns wearing electrodes and virtual reality glasses while responding to computer-controlled visual stimuli. The data collected will help researchers track and measure space-caused changes to a crew member’s vestibular system, or sensory system.

Roscosmos Flight Engineer Oleg Platonov began his shift on orbital plumbing maintenance before servicing electronics hardware in the Zarya module. He wrapped up his day inside the Zvezda service module refilling the Elektron oxygen generator.

Learn more about station activities by following the space station blog, @space_station on X, as well as the ISS Facebook and ISS Instagram accounts.

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Mark A. Garcia

Roscosmos Progress 91 Undocked from Space Station 

Roscosmos Progress 91 Undocked from Space Station 

Sept. 9, 2025: International Space Station Configuration. Four spaceships are docked at the space station including the SpaceX Dragon cargo craft, the SpaceX Crew-11 Dragon spacecraft, the Soyuz MS-27 crew ship, and the Progress 92 resupply ship.
Sept. 9, 2025: International Space Station Configuration. Four spaceships are docked at the space station including the SpaceX Dragon cargo craft, the SpaceX Crew-11 Dragon spacecraft, the Soyuz MS-27 crew ship, and the Progress 92 resupply ship.
NASA

The unpiloted Roscosmos Progress 91 spacecraft undocked from the International Space Station at 11:45 a.m. EDT on Tuesday, backing away from the station for a deorbit maneuver and destructive re-entry into Earth’s atmosphere to dispose of trash loaded by the crew.  

 The spacecraft launched on Feb. 27 on a Soyuz rocket from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, carrying about three tons of food, fuel, and supplies for the crew aboard the International Space Station. After a two-day in-orbit journey, the spacecraft arrived at the orbiting laboratory on March 1 and automatically docked to the aft port of the station’s Zvezda module. 

Learn more about station activities by following @NASASpaceOps and @space_station on X, as well as the International Space Station’s Facebook and Instagram accounts.   

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Joshua A. Finch

NASA Partnerships Allow Artificial Intelligence to Predict Solar Events

NASA Partnerships Allow Artificial Intelligence to Predict Solar Events

3 min read

Preparations for Next Moonwalk Simulations Underway (and Underwater)

The green lights of an aurora dramatically explode outward against the backdrop of the night sky peppered with fluffy white clouds and pinprick stars. A hint of red is also visible in the center of the light. Pine trees cast in shadow are seen below.
While auroras are a beautiful sight on Earth, the solar activity that causes them can wreak havoc with space-based infrastructure like satellites. Using artificial intelligence to predict these disruptive solar events was a focus of KX’s work with FDL.
Credit: Sebastian Saarloos

In the summer of 2024, people across North America were amazed when auroras lit up the night sky across their hometowns, but the same solar activity that makes auroras can cause disruptions to satellites that are essential to systems on Earth. The solution to predicting these solar events and warning satellite operators may come through artificial intelligence. 

The Frontier Development Lab of Mountain View, California, is an ongoing partnership between NASA and commercial AI firms to apply advanced machine learning to problems that matter to the agency and beyond. Since 2016, the Frontier Development Lab has applied AI on behalf of NASA in planetary defense, Heliophysics, Earth science, medicine, and lunar exploration.

Through a collaboration with a company called KX Systems, the Frontier Development Lab looked to use proven software in an innovative new way. The company’s flagship data analytics software, called kdb+, is typically used in the financial industry to keep track of rapid shifts in market trends, but the company was exploring how it could be used in space. 

Between 2017 and 2019, KX Systems participated in the Frontier Development Lab partnership through NASA’s Ames Research Center in Silicon Valley, California. Working with NASA scientists, KX applied the capabilities of kdb+ to searching for exoplanets and predicting space weather, areas which could be improved with AI models. One question the Frontier Development Lab worked to answer was whether kdb+ could forecast the kind of space weather that creates the auroras to predict when GPS satellites might experience signal interruption due to the Sun.

By importing several datasets monitoring the ionosphere, solar activity, and Earth’s magnetic field, then applying machine learning algorithms to them, the Frontier Development Lab researchers were able to predict disruptive events up to 24 hours in advance. 

While this was a scientific application of AI, KX Systems says some of this development work has made it back into its commercial offerings, as there are similarities between AI models developed to find patterns in satellite signal losses and ones that predict maintenance needs for industrial manufacturing equipment.

A division of FD Technologies plc., KX Systems is a technology company that offers database management and analytics software for customers that need to make decisions quickly. While KX started in 1993, its AI-driven business has grown considerably, and the company credits work done with NASA for accelerating some of its capabilities.

From protecting valuable satellites to keeping manufacturing lines moving at top performance, pairing NASA’s expertise with commercial ingenuity is a combination for success.  

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Sep 09, 2025

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Andrew Wagner

Artemis II Crew Walks Out for Practice Scenarios

Artemis II Crew Walks Out for Practice Scenarios

Four astronauts - three men and one woman - walk down a dark gray ramp, exiting a building. A Black man at front left waves as he looks to our right. The other three people are smiling. All of the astronauts wear bright orange jumpsuits with various patches on them.
NASA/Kim Shiflett

The Artemis II crew (from front left to back right) – pilot Victor Glover, commander Reid Wiseman, mission specialist Jeremy Hansen of CSA (Canadian Space Agency), and mission specialist Christina Koch – walk out of the Neil A. Armstrong Operations and Checkout Building at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida on Monday, Aug. 11, 2025.

During a two-day training, the crew practiced launch day operations if the Artemis II test flight launches at night.

Join the Artemis II mission and sign up to launch your name aboard the Orion spacecraft and SLS (Space Launch System) rocket alongside the crew.

Through the Artemis program, NASA will send astronauts to explore the Moon for scientific discovery, economic benefits, and to build the foundation for the first crewed missions to Mars – for the benefit of all.

Image credit: NASA/Kim Shiflett

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Monika Luabeya

Ami Choi: Unraveling the Invisible Universe 

Ami Choi: Unraveling the Invisible Universe 

Research Astrophysicist and Roman’s Deputy Wide Field Instrument Scientist – Goddard Space Flight Center

From a young age, Ami Choi — now a research astrophysicist at NASA — was drawn to the vast and mysterious. By the fifth grade, she had narrowed her sights to two career paths: marine biology or astrophysics. 

“I’ve always been interested in exploring big unknown realms, and things that aren’t quite tangible,” Choi said. That curiosity has served her all throughout her career.

Ami in the Goddard clean room overlook
In addition to conducting research, Ami Choi shares science with the public at various outreach events, including tours at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. This photo captures one tour stop, outside the largest clean room at Goddard.
Credit: NASA/Travis Wohlrab

As a student at University Laboratory High School in Urbana, Illinois, Choi gravitated toward astrophysics and was fascinated by things like black holes. She studied physics as an undergraduate at the University of Chicago, though she says math and physics didn’t necessarily come easily to her.

“I wasn’t very good at it initially, but I really liked the challenge so I stuck with it,” Choi said.

Early opportunities to do research played a pivotal role in guiding her career. As an undergraduate, Choi worked on everything from interacting galaxies to the stuff in between stars in our galaxy, called the interstellar medium. She learned how to code, interpret data, and do spectroscopy, which involves splitting light from cosmic objects into a rainbow of colors to learn about things like their composition.

After college, Choi read an article about physicist Janet Conrad’s neutrino work at Fermilab and was so inspired by Conrad’s enthusiasm and inclusivity that she cold-emailed her to see if there were any positions available in her group. 

A selfie of Ami during a partial solar eclipse
On October 14, 2023, Ami took a break from a thermal vacuum shift to snap a selfie with a partial eclipse. She was visiting BAE, Inc. in Boulder, Co., where the primary instrument for NASA’s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope was undergoing testing.
Credit: Courtesy of Ami Choi

“That one email led to a year at Fermilab working on neutrino physics,” Choi said.

She went on to earn a doctorate at the University of California, Davis, where she studied weak gravitational lensing — the subtle warping of light by gravity — and used it to explore dark matter, dark energy, and the large-scale structure of the universe.

Her postdoctoral work took Choi first to the University of Edinburgh in Scotland, where she contributed to the Kilo-Degree Survey, and later to The Ohio State University, where she became deeply involved in DES (the Dark Energy Survey) and helped lay the groundwork for the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope — NASA’s next flagship astrophysics mission. 

“One of my proudest moments came in 2021, when the DES released its third-year cosmology results,” Choi said. “It was a massive team effort conducted during a global pandemic, and I had helped lead as a co-convener of the weak lensing team.”

Ami Choi presenting at AAS
Choi regularly presents information about NASA’s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope to fellow scientists and the public. Here, she gives a Hyperwall talk at an AAS (American Astronomical Society) meeting.
Credit: Courtesy of Ami Choi

After a one-year stint at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, where Choi worked on SPHEREx (Spectro-Photometer for the History of the Universe, Epoch of Reionization and Ices Explorer)—an observatory that’s surveying stars and galaxies—she became a research astrophysicist at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. She also serves as the deputy Wide Field Instrument scientist for Roman. Choi operates at the intersection of engineering, calibration, and cosmology, helping translate ground-based testing into flight-ready components that will help Roman reveal large swaths of the universe in high resolution.

“I’m very excited for Roman’s commissioning phase — the first 90 days when the spacecraft will begin transmitting data from orbit,” Choi said. 

Ami Choi in Death Valley
Choi, photographed here in Death Valley, finds joy in the natural world outside of work. She cycles, hikes, and tends a small vegetable garden with a friend from grad school.
Credit: Insook Choi (used with permission)

She’s especially drawn to so-called systematics, which are effects that can alter the signals scientists are trying to measure. “People sometimes think of systematics as nuisances, but they’re often telling us something deeply interesting about either the physics of something like a detector or the universe itself,” Choi said. “There’s always something more going on under the surface.”

While she’s eager to learn more about things like dark energy, Choi is also looking forward to seeing all the other ways our understanding of the universe grows. “It’s more than just an end goal,” she said. “It’s about everything we learn along the way. Every challenge we overcome, every detail we uncover, is an important discovery too.”

For those who hope to follow a similar path, Choi encourages staying curious, being persistent, and taking opportunities to get involved in research. And don’t let the tricky subjects scare you away! “You don’t have to be perfect at math or physics right away,” she said. “What matters most is a deep curiosity and the tenacity to keep pushing through.”

By Ashley Balzer
NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md.

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Sep 09, 2025

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Ashley Balzer
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Ashley Balzer