{"id":15724,"date":"2026-06-08T12:02:48","date_gmt":"2026-06-08T16:02:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zobi.alcowep.com\/bourtagshdrevxnls658739\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/"},"modified":"2026-06-08T12:02:48","modified_gmt":"2026-06-08T16:02:48","slug":"digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zobi.alcowep.com\/bourtagshdrevxnls658739\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/","title":{"rendered":"Digging Back in Time in the UAE"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Digging Back in Time in the UAE<\/h2>\n<p><!-- no image --><\/p>\n<div class=\" hds-module hds-module-full alignfull wp-block-nasa-blocks-secondary-navigation\">\n<div class=\"hds-secondary-navigation-wrapper z-top width-100 padding-0\">\n<div class=\"hds-secondary-navigation width-full border-bottom-1px text-center hds-color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full alignfull wp-block-nasa-blocks-hdsnav\"><button type=\"button\" 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href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/earth\/earth-observatory\/subscribe\" rel=\"noopener\">Subscribe<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/earth\/earth-observatory\/subscribe\/feeds\/\" rel=\"noopener\">\ud83d\udedc RSS<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/earth\/earth-observatory\/contact-the-eo\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Contact Us<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__primary-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/earth\/earth-observatory\/search\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Search<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/nav>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-secondary-navigation-menu-spacer\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleozm_oli_20251023.jpg?w=720&#038;h=480&#038;fit=clip&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" rel=\"noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleozm_oli_20251023.jpg?w=720&#038;h=480&#038;fit=clip&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Limestone ridges appear as linear features running north\u2013south with orange-toned desert to the west and a darker-toned mountain range to the east.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"eager\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleozm_oli_20251023.jpg?w=720&#038;h=480&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 720w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleozm_oli_20251023.jpg?w=300&#038;h=200&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleozm_oli_20251023.jpg?w=400&#038;h=267&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleozm_oli_20251023.jpg?w=600&#038;h=400&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Jabal al F\u0101yah rises from the Rub\u2019 al Khali desert in an image captured by the <a href=\"https:\/\/landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov\/satellites\/landsat-8\/spacecraft-instruments\/operational-land-imager\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">OLI<\/a> (Operational Land Imager) on <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/landsat-8\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Landsat 8<\/a> on October 23, 2025.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA Earth Observatory \/ Lauren Dauphin<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>About an hour\u2019s drive east of <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/earth\/earth-observatory\/united-arab-emirates-at-night-82723\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dubai\u2019s<\/a> gleaming towers and <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/earth\/earth-observatory\/a-new-world-built-of-sand-149861\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">artificial islands<\/a>, a quieter, more natural landscape takes shape. At the far northern edge of the <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/earth\/earth-observatory\/ar-rub-al-khali-sand-sea-arabian-peninsula-50744\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rub\u2019 al Khali<\/a>, a saffron-colored sand sea laps against the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Al-Hajar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Al-Hajar Mountains<\/a>. A series of pale ridges rises finlike from the desert plain, with the largest\u2014Jabal al F\u0101yah\u2014standing 412 meters (1,352 feet) above sea level.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/landsat-8\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Landsat 8<\/a> satellite captured this image of the ridges cutting across the Emirate of Sharjah in the northern part of the United Arab Emirates on October 23, 2025. To geologists, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/science\/limestone\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">limestone<\/a> ridges are a reminder of the region\u2019s watery past, signs that this land lay underwater tens of millions of years ago when the <a href=\"https:\/\/education.nationalgeographic.org\/resource\/sedimentary-rock\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">sedimentary rock layers<\/a> were deposited.<\/p>\n<p>Jabal al F\u0101yah functions as a barrier, trapping windblown sand in dune fields to its west. The <a href=\"https:\/\/education.nationalgeographic.org\/resource\/weathering\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">weathering<\/a> of iron-bearing minerals in the sand grains gives the dune fields their orange hue. To the east, the branching channels of overlapping <a href=\"https:\/\/earthobservatory.nasa.gov\/images\/36041\/alluvial-fan-in-southern-iran\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">alluvial fans<\/a> extending from the Al-Hajar Mountains carry gravels and eroded sediments from basalts and other <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/science\/mafic-rock\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">dark mafic rocks<\/a>.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>The dark rocks to the east\u2014part of the <a href=\"https:\/\/iugs-geoheritage.org\/geoheritage_sites\/late-cretaceous-samail-ophiolite\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Samail Ophiolite<\/a>\u2014are known to geologists for being among the world\u2019s largest, best-preserved, and most accessible exposures of ancient oceanic <a href=\"https:\/\/education.nationalgeographic.org\/resource\/lithosphere\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">lithosphere<\/a>, the rigid outer layer of Earth that includes both the <a href=\"https:\/\/education.nationalgeographic.org\/resource\/crust\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">crust<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/education.nationalgeographic.org\/resource\/mantle\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">upper mantle<\/a>. Oceanic lithosphere like this is normally <a href=\"https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/special-topics\/subduction-zone-science\/science\/introduction-subduction-zones-amazing-events\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/special-topics\/subduction-zone-science\/science\/introduction-subduction-zones-amazing-events\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">subducted<\/a> and recycled back into the mantle when tectonic plates collide. But in this area, a large section from beneath the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Tethys-Sea\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Tethys-Sea\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Tethys Sea<\/a> was <a href=\"https:\/\/www.earthmagazine.org\/article\/travels-geology-northern-oman-stunning-canyons-towering-dunes-and-worlds-largest-ophiolite\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.earthmagazine.org\/article\/travels-geology-northern-oman-stunning-canyons-towering-dunes-and-worlds-largest-ophiolite\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">scraped off<\/a> and thrust onto the Arabian plate in a process called obduction.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleo_oli_20251023.jpg?w=720&#038;h=480&#038;fit=clip&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleo_oli_20251023.jpg?w=720&#038;h=480&#038;fit=clip&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Development associated with Dubai appears as a light gray zone along the coast of the Persian Gulf with the dark gray Al-Hajar Mountains on the far right side of the image. A ridge lies in the middle of the image in a sandy area.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleo_oli_20251023.jpg?w=720&#038;h=480&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 720w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleo_oli_20251023.jpg?w=300&#038;h=200&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleo_oli_20251023.jpg?w=400&#038;h=267&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleo_oli_20251023.jpg?w=600&#038;h=400&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Dubai lies to the west of the limestone ridges, and the Al-Hajar Mountains lie to the east, in an image acquired by the <a href=\"https:\/\/landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov\/satellites\/landsat-8\/spacecraft-instruments\/operational-land-imager\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">OLI<\/a> (Operational Land Imager) on <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/landsat-8\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Landsat 8<\/a> on October 23, 2025.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA Earth Observatory \/ Lauren Dauphin<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>The Jabal al F\u0101yah ridges themselves are made up of marine limestone that was deposited on top of the ophiolite over tens of millions of years spanning the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nps.gov\/subjects\/geology\/time-scale.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">late Cretaceous<\/a> through the early to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/science\/Paleocene-Epoch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">mid-Paleocene<\/a>. Limestone typically forms along continental margins in warm, shallow oceans, often in lagoons and coral reefs, out of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/science\/calcium-carbonate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">calcium carbonate<\/a> found in the shells and skeletons of marine life. In many parts of the ridges, coral fragments and marine invertebrate fossils are visible embedded in the rock. A feature called <a href=\"https:\/\/maps.app.goo.gl\/m2ZamzE3zq5QMtu47\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Fossil Rock<\/a> sits a few kilometers north of Jabal al F\u0101yah and adjacent to the limestone ridge Jabal Mulay\u1e29ah. It contains an abundance of snail, clam, and sea urchin remains.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>For archaeologists, the ridges are at the center of a much more recent tale of human adaptation and survival that has played out in just the past few hundred thousand years.\u00a0The ridges and parts of the surrounding landscape\u2014inscribed as a <a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/1735\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">UNESCO World Heritage site<\/a> in 2025\u2014are dotted with dozens of archaeological sites that trace human occupation on the Arabian Peninsula back to between 210,000 and 120,000 years ago, to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thoughtco.com\/beginners-guide-to-the-middle-paleolithic-171839\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Middle Paleolithic<\/a>. That was a period when waves of anatomically modern humans <a href=\"https:\/\/humanorigins.si.edu\/evidence\/human-fossils\/species\/homo-sapiens\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">(<em>Homo sapiens<\/em>)<\/a> migrated out of Africa and shared the planet with other groups such as Neanderthals.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Many of the sites contain stone flakes, blades, scrapers, hand axes, and other stone tools. The archaeological treasure trove offers early evidence of modern humans surviving in a harsh desert environment and <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1199113\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">raises questions<\/a> about the routes modern <em>Homo sapiens<\/em> may have taken on their journey out of Africa.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Geological evidence indicates that lakes periodically formed on the east side of the ridge, providing critical food and water resources that would have supported early inhabitants in this unforgiving climate. Rocky overhangs along the ridge would have provided shelter from the heat and wind. Some of the sites show evidence of intermittent occupation beginning as early as <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-05617-w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">210,000 years ago<\/a>, making this one of the <a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2022-02-early-human-settlement-arabian-peninsula.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">earliest signs<\/a> of human habitation on the Arabian Peninsula.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<p><em><em>NASA Earth Observatory images by Lauren Dauphin, using Landsat data from the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/earthexplorer.usgs.gov\/\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. Geological Survey<\/a>. Story by Adam Voiland.<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-featured-file-list bg-spacesuit-white padding-x-2 tablet:padding-x-3 desktop:padding-x-4 padding-y-5 desktop:padding-y-6 hds-module align wp-block-nasa-blocks-file-list\">\n<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block padding-0\">\n<div class=\"grid-row width-full margin-bottom-4\">\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n<h2 role=\"textbox\" class=\"heading-22\">\n\t\t\t\t\tDownloads\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n<div class=\"desktop:grid-col display-flex flex-align-center desktop:flex-justify-end\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-list-row hds-file-list-row\">\n<div class=\"hds-list-thumbnail hds-file-list-thumbnail\">\n<div class=\"hds-list-thumbnail-inner hds-file-list-thumbnail-inner hds-cover-wrapper\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"4127\" height=\"2751\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleo_oli_20251023_lrg.jpg?w=4127&#038;h=2751&#038;fit=clip&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Development associated with Dubai appears as a light gray zone along the coast of the Persian Gulf with the dark gray Al-Hajar Mountains on the far right side of the image. A ridge lies in the middle of the image in a sandy area.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" data-video-loop=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleo_oli_20251023_lrg.jpg?w=4127&#038;h=2751&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 4127w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleo_oli_20251023_lrg.jpg?w=300&#038;h=200&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleo_oli_20251023_lrg.jpg?w=768&#038;h=512&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleo_oli_20251023_lrg.jpg?w=1024&#038;h=683&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleo_oli_20251023_lrg.jpg?w=1536&#038;h=1024&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleo_oli_20251023_lrg.jpg?w=2048&#038;h=1365&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2048w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleo_oli_20251023_lrg.jpg?w=400&#038;h=267&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleo_oli_20251023_lrg.jpg?w=600&#038;h=400&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleo_oli_20251023_lrg.jpg?w=900&#038;h=600&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleo_oli_20251023_lrg.jpg?w=1200&#038;h=800&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleo_oli_20251023_lrg.jpg?w=2000&#038;h=1333&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 4127px) 100vw, 4127px\"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-list-details\">\n<div class=\"hds-list-name hds-file-list-name\">\n<h2 class=\"heading-22\">October 23, 2025<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-list-meta\">\n<div class=\"hds-list-meta-item hds-list-date hds-file-list-date\">\n<p class=\"p-sm\">\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-list-meta-item hds-file-list-filetype\">\n<p class=\"p-sm\">JPEG (3.89 MB)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-list-cta hds-file-list-download\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/content\/dam\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/digging-back-in-time-in-the-uae\/fayapaleo_oli_20251023_lrg.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" download rel=\"noopener\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"32\" height=\"32\" viewbox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle cx=\"16\" cy=\"16.0001\" r=\"16\" fill=\"#1C67E3\"><\/circle><path d=\"M15.2357 8.00007L15.2357 16.4829L11.9504 13.4078L10.8801 14.4094L16.0001 19.2001L21.1201 14.4094L20.0499 13.4078L16.7645 16.4829L16.7645 8.00007L15.2357 8.00007Z\" fill=\"white\"><\/path><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M9.6 20.8001V18.4001H8V22.4001H24V18.4001H22.4V20.8001H9.6Z\" fill=\"white\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">References &#038; Resources <\/h2>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Armitage, S., <em>et al.<\/em> (2011) <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1199113\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Southern Route \u201cOut of Africa\u201d: Evidence for an Early Expansion of Modern Humans into Arabia<\/a>. <em>Science, 331(6016), 453-456.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Bretzke, K., <em>et al.<\/em> (2025) <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12520-025-02164-z\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Archaeology, chronology, and sedimentological context of the youngest Middle Palaeolithic assemblage from Jebel Faya, United Arab Emirates<\/a>. <em>Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences<\/em>, 17(60).\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Bretzke, K., <em>et al.<\/em> (2022) <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-05617-w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Multiple phases of human occupation in Southeast Arabia between 210,000 and 120,000\u202fyears ago<\/a>. <em>Scientific Reports, 12, 1600.<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Bretzke, K., <em>et al.<\/em> (2013) <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.quaint.2013.01.028\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The environmental context of Paleolithic settlement at Jebel Faya, Emirate Sharjah, UAE<\/a>. <em>Quaternary International, 300, 83-93.<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><em>Cond<\/em>\u00e9 <em>Nast Traveller<\/em> (2025, July 15) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cntravellerme.com\/story\/this-new-unesco-world-heritage-site-in-the-uae-preserves-the-middle-easts-earliest-evidence-of-modern-humans\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">This new UNESCO World Heritage site in the UAE preserves the Middle East\u2019s earliest evidence of modern humans<\/a>. Accessed June 4, 2026.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Kamran, K., via Substack (2025, February 18) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.anthropology.net\/p\/the-stone-blades-of-jebel-faya-rewriting\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Stone Blades of Jebel Faya: Rewriting the Story of Early Humans in Arabia<\/a>. Accessed June 4, 2026.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Phys.org (2022, February 1) <a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2022-02-early-human-settlement-arabian-peninsula.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Early human settlement on the Arabian Peninsula less influenced by climate than previously thought<\/a>. Accessed June 4, 2026.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Smithsonian (2025) <a href=\"https:\/\/humanorigins.si.edu\/evidence\/human-family-tree\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">What does it mean to be human?<\/a> Accessed June 4, 2026.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>UNESCO (2025) <a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/1735\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Faya Palaeolandscape<\/a>. Accessed June 4, 2026.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Visit Sharjah (2025) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.visitsharjah.com\/en\/activities\/nature-and-wildlife\/fossil-rock\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Fossil Rock<\/a>. Accessed June 4, 2026.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"hds-content-lists-inner hds-module hds-module-full alignfull wp-block-nasa-blocks-content-lists\">\n<div class=\"hds-content-lists margin-y-3 padding-x-0 bg-spacesuit-white width-full maxw-full\" data-starting-query=\"{\" block_id data-current-query=\"{\">\n<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-widescreen padding-x-3\">\n<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-start margin-bottom-3\">\n<div class=\"desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n<h2 class=\"section-heading-sm line-height-sm\">You may also be interested in:<\/h2>\n<p class=\"margin-top-0 margin-bottom-2 maxh-tablet\">Stay up-to-date with the latest content from NASA as we explore the universe and discover more about our home planet.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-row grid-container grid-container-block padding-0 margin-0 flex-justify-center\">\n<div class=\" grid-col-12\">\n<div class=\"grid-row grid-container grid-container-block padding-0\">\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 filter-tags-container\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"smd-orbit-loader\" role=\"status\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n<div class=\"orbit-plane\"><span class=\"orbit-dot\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-content-items hds-content-items-grid margin-top-2\" aria-live=\"polite\" data-rest-url=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/smd\/v1\/content-list\">\n<div class=\"hds-content-item content-list-item-post\">\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/earth\/earth-observatory\/thailands-krabi-coast\/\" class=\"hds-content-item-thumbnail\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  content-list-thumbnail\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"300px\" height=\"300px\" data-no-id=\"true\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/thailand\u2019s-krabi-coast-\/railaybeachzm_oli_20260323_th.jpg?fit=clip&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint&#038;w=300 300w\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/thailand%E2%80%99s-krabi-coast-\/railaybeachzm_oli_20260323_th.jpg?fit=clip&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint&#038;w=300\"><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-content-item-inner\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/earth\/earth-observatory\/thailands-krabi-coast\/\" class=\"hds-content-item-heading\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-a11y-heading-22\">Thailand\u2019s Krabi Coast<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-content-item-readtime label margin-bottom-1\">\n                    3 min read                <\/div>\n<p class=\"margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">The coastal province features striking tropical karst landscapes and sandy beaches alongside a mix of natural land cover and developed\u2026<\/p>\n<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-auto\"><svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"><\/path><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"><\/path><\/g><\/g><\/svg><span>Article<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-content-item content-list-item-post\">\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/earth\/earth-observatory\/a-bit-of-gray-in-an-emerald-isle\/\" class=\"hds-content-item-thumbnail\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  content-list-thumbnail\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"300px\" height=\"300px\" data-no-id=\"true\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/a-bit-of-gray-in-an-emerald-isle\/burrennpzm_oli_20250526_th.jpg?fit=clip&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint&#038;w=300 300w\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/a-bit-of-gray-in-an-emerald-isle\/burrennpzm_oli_20250526_th.jpg?fit=clip&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint&#038;w=300\"><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-content-item-inner\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/earth\/earth-observatory\/a-bit-of-gray-in-an-emerald-isle\/\" class=\"hds-content-item-heading\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-a11y-heading-22\">A Bit of Gray on an Emerald Isle<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-content-item-readtime label margin-bottom-1\">\n                    3 min read                <\/div>\n<p class=\"margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">Ireland is best known for its many greens, but the striking grays of the island\u2019s Burren region also stand out\u2026<\/p>\n<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-auto\"><svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"><\/path><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"><\/path><\/g><\/g><\/svg><span>Article<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-content-item content-list-item-post\">\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/earth\/earth-observatory\/eyeing-the-richat-structure\/\" class=\"hds-content-item-thumbnail\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  content-list-thumbnail\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"300px\" height=\"300px\" data-no-id=\"true\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/eyeing-the-richat-structure\/richatstructure_oli_20260306_th.jpg?fit=clip&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint&#038;w=300 300w\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/2026\/eyeing-the-richat-structure\/richatstructure_oli_20260306_th.jpg?fit=clip&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint&#038;w=300\"><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-content-item-inner\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/earth\/earth-observatory\/eyeing-the-richat-structure\/\" class=\"hds-content-item-heading\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-a11y-heading-22\">Eyeing the Richat Structure<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-content-item-readtime label margin-bottom-1\">\n                    3 min read                <\/div>\n<p class=\"margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">The circular geologic feature in northwestern Africa can be hard to recognize from the ground, but it is obvious when\u2026<\/p>\n<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-auto\"><svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"><\/path><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"><\/path><\/g><\/g><\/svg><span>Article<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pagination\">\n<nav class=\"hds-pagination hds-pagination--content-lists\" role=\"navigation\" aria-label=\"Pagination Navigation\" data-mid-size=\"2\" data-end-size=\"1\" data-max-pages=\"4\">\n<span aria-current=\"page\" class=\"page-numbers current\" aria-label=\"Current Page, Page 1\" data-page-number=\"1\"><br \/>\n<span>1<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" 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hds-module-full alignfull wp-block-nasa-blocks-topic-cards\">\n<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block-lg padding-x-0\">\n<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3\">\n<div class=\"desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n<div class=\"label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-2\">Keep Exploring<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"heading-36 line-height-sm\">Discover More from NASA Earth Science<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-row grid-gap-2 hds-topic-cards-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/earth\/earth-observatory\/subscribe\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Subscribe to Earth Observatory Newsletters<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewbox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n<p class=\"margin-bottom-0 margin-top-2 color-carbon-20-important\">Subscribe to the Earth Observatory and get the Earth in your inbox.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"585\" height=\"425\" 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\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/earth\/earth-observatory\/image-of-the-day\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Earth Observatory Image of the Day<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewbox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n<p class=\"margin-bottom-0 margin-top-2 color-carbon-20-important\">NASA\u2019s Earth Observatory brings you the Earth, every day, with in-depth stories and stunning imagery.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2500\" height=\"1407\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/iotd-banner.jpg?w=2500&#038;h=1407&#038;fit=clip&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/iotd-banner.jpg?w=2500&#038;h=1407&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2500w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/iotd-banner.jpg?w=300&#038;h=169&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/iotd-banner.jpg?w=768&#038;h=432&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/iotd-banner.jpg?w=1024&#038;h=576&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/iotd-banner.jpg?w=1536&#038;h=864&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/iotd-banner.jpg?w=2048&#038;h=1153&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2048w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/iotd-banner.jpg?w=400&#038;h=225&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/iotd-banner.jpg?w=600&#038;h=338&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/iotd-banner.jpg?w=900&#038;h=507&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/iotd-banner.jpg?w=1200&#038;h=675&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/esd\/eo\/images\/iotd\/iotd-banner.jpg?w=2000&#038;h=1126&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2500px) 100vw, 2500px\"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/earth\/explore\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Explore Earth Science<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewbox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1920\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202212160009\/NHQ202212160009~large.jpg?w=1920&#038;h=1920&#038;fit=clip&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202212160009\/NHQ202212160009~large.jpg?w=1920&#038;h=1920&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1920w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202212160009\/NHQ202212160009~large.jpg?w=150&#038;h=150&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 150w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202212160009\/NHQ202212160009~large.jpg?w=300&#038;h=300&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202212160009\/NHQ202212160009~large.jpg?w=768&#038;h=768&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202212160009\/NHQ202212160009~large.jpg?w=1024&#038;h=1024&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202212160009\/NHQ202212160009~large.jpg?w=1536&#038;h=1536&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202212160009\/NHQ202212160009~large.jpg?w=50&#038;h=50&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 50w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202212160009\/NHQ202212160009~large.jpg?w=100&#038;h=100&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 100w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202212160009\/NHQ202212160009~large.jpg?w=200&#038;h=200&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 200w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202212160009\/NHQ202212160009~large.jpg?w=400&#038;h=400&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202212160009\/NHQ202212160009~large.jpg?w=600&#038;h=600&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202212160009\/NHQ202212160009~large.jpg?w=900&#038;h=900&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202212160009\/NHQ202212160009~large.jpg?w=1200&#038;h=1200&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/earth\/data\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Earth Science Data<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewbox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n<p class=\"margin-bottom-0 margin-top-2 color-carbon-20-important\">Open access to NASA\u2019s archive of Earth science data<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/biosphere-sea-2008-lrg.png?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/biosphere-sea-2008-lrg.png 3600w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/biosphere-sea-2008-lrg.png?resize=300,150 300w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/biosphere-sea-2008-lrg.png?resize=768,384 768w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/biosphere-sea-2008-lrg.png?resize=1024,512 1024w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/biosphere-sea-2008-lrg.png?resize=1536,768 1536w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/biosphere-sea-2008-lrg.png?resize=2048,1024 2048w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/biosphere-sea-2008-lrg.png?resize=400,200 400w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/biosphere-sea-2008-lrg.png?resize=600,300 600w, https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/biosphere-sea-2008-lrg.png?resize=900,450 900w, 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