{"id":12899,"date":"2025-01-15T18:03:40","date_gmt":"2025-01-15T22:03:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zobi.alcowep.com\/bourtagshdrevxnls658739\/nasa-celebrates-edwin-hubbles-discovery-of-a-new-universe\/"},"modified":"2025-01-15T18:03:40","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T22:03:40","slug":"nasa-celebrates-edwin-hubbles-discovery-of-a-new-universe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zobi.alcowep.com\/bourtagshdrevxnls658739\/nasa-celebrates-edwin-hubbles-discovery-of-a-new-universe\/","title":{"rendered":"NASA Celebrates Edwin Hubble\u2019s Discovery of a New Universe"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">NASA Celebrates Edwin Hubble\u2019s Discovery of a New Universe<\/h2>\n<p><!-- no image --><\/p>\n<div class=\" hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-secondary-navigation\">\n<div class=\"hds-secondary-navigation-wrapper z-top width-100 padding-0\">\n<div class=\"hds-secondary-navigation width-full border-bottom-1px text-center hds-color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-hdsnav\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"hds-secondary-nav-mobile-button display-flex tablet:display-flex desktop:display-none width-full flex-align-center bg-carbon-90 border-color-carbon-80 color-spacesuit-white\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"hds-secondary-nav-track\"><span>Hubble Space Telescope<\/span><svg width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"\" enable-background=\"new 0 0 400 400\" viewbox=\"0 0 400 400\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m4.2 122.2 195.1 195.1 196.5-196.6-37.9-38-157.8 157.8-156.8-156.8z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-secondary-nav-track grid-container grid-container-extrawide padding-0 tablet:padding-x-3 desktop:padding-x-2 \">\n<div class=\"hds-secondary-navigation-menu-items\">\n<nav>\n<ul class=\"usa-nav__primary usa-accordion flex-justify-center margin-0\">\n<li class=\"usa-nav__primary-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Hubble Home<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__primary-item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"basic-nav-section-one\"><span>Overview<\/span><svg class=\"hds-desktop-submenu-toggle-icon display-none tablet:display-none desktop:display-block\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"\" enable-background=\"new 0 0 400 400\" viewbox=\"0 0 400 400\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m4.2 122.2 195.1 195.1 196.5-196.6-37.9-38-157.8 157.8-156.8-156.8z\"><\/path><\/svg><svg class=\"hds-mobile-submenu-toggle-icon display-block tablet:display-block desktop:display-none\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle cx=\"8\" cy=\"8\" r=\"7.5\" fill=\"#0B3D91\" stroke=\"white\"><\/circle><rect x=\"4\" y=\"7.6001\" width=\"8\" height=\"0.8\" fill=\"white\"><\/rect><rect class=\"hds-mobile-submenu-toggle-icon-line-vertical\" x=\"7.59998\" y=\"12\" width=\"8\" height=\"0.8\" transform=\"rotate(-90 7.59998 12)\" fill=\"white\"><\/rect><\/svg><\/button>\n<ul class=\"usa-nav__submenu\" hidden>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/overview\/about-hubble\/\" rel=\"noopener\">About Hubble<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/overview\/the-history-of-hubble\/\" rel=\"noopener\">The History of Hubble<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/overview\/hubble-timeline\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Hubble Timeline<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/overview\/why-have-a-telescope-in-space\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Why Have a Telescope in Space?<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/overview\/about-hubble\/hubble-by-the-numbers\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Hubble by the Numbers<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/overview\/at-the-museum\/\" rel=\"noopener\">At the Museum<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/overview\/faqs\/\" rel=\"noopener\">FAQs<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__primary-item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"basic-nav-section-one\"><span>Impact &#038; Benefits<\/span><svg class=\"hds-desktop-submenu-toggle-icon display-none tablet:display-none desktop:display-block\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"\" enable-background=\"new 0 0 400 400\" viewbox=\"0 0 400 400\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m4.2 122.2 195.1 195.1 196.5-196.6-37.9-38-157.8 157.8-156.8-156.8z\"><\/path><\/svg><svg class=\"hds-mobile-submenu-toggle-icon display-block tablet:display-block desktop:display-none\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle cx=\"8\" cy=\"8\" r=\"7.5\" fill=\"#0B3D91\" stroke=\"white\"><\/circle><rect x=\"4\" y=\"7.6001\" width=\"8\" height=\"0.8\" fill=\"white\"><\/rect><rect class=\"hds-mobile-submenu-toggle-icon-line-vertical\" x=\"7.59998\" y=\"12\" width=\"8\" height=\"0.8\" transform=\"rotate(-90 7.59998 12)\" fill=\"white\"><\/rect><\/svg><\/button>\n<ul class=\"usa-nav__submenu\" hidden>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/impacts-and-benefits\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Hubble\u2019s Impact &#038; Benefits<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/science\/science-highlights\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Science Impacts<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/impacts-and-benefits\/hubbles-cultural-impact\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Cultural Impact<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/impacts-and-benefits\/technology-benefits\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Technology Benefits<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/impacts-and-benefits\/hubbles-impact-on-human-spaceflight\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Impact on Human Spaceflight<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/impacts-and-benefits\/astronomical-community-impacts\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Astro Community Impacts<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__primary-item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"basic-nav-section-one\"><span>Science<\/span><svg class=\"hds-desktop-submenu-toggle-icon display-none tablet:display-none desktop:display-block\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"\" enable-background=\"new 0 0 400 400\" viewbox=\"0 0 400 400\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m4.2 122.2 195.1 195.1 196.5-196.6-37.9-38-157.8 157.8-156.8-156.8z\"><\/path><\/svg><svg class=\"hds-mobile-submenu-toggle-icon 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class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/science\/science-highlights\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Science Highlights<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/science\/science-behind-the-discoveries\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Science Behind Discoveries<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/science\/hubbles-partners-in-science\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Hubble\u2019s Partners in Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/science\/universe-uncovered\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Universe Uncovered<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/science\/explore-the-night-sky\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Explore the Night Sky<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__primary-item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"basic-nav-section-one\"><span>Observatory<\/span><svg class=\"hds-desktop-submenu-toggle-icon display-none tablet:display-none desktop:display-block\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"\" enable-background=\"new 0 0 400 400\" viewbox=\"0 0 400 400\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m4.2 122.2 195.1 195.1 196.5-196.6-37.9-38-157.8 157.8-156.8-156.8z\"><\/path><\/svg><svg class=\"hds-mobile-submenu-toggle-icon display-block tablet:display-block desktop:display-none\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle cx=\"8\" cy=\"8\" r=\"7.5\" fill=\"#0B3D91\" stroke=\"white\"><\/circle><rect x=\"4\" y=\"7.6001\" 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href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/observatory\/missions-to-hubble\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Missions to Hubble<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/observatory\/hubble-vs-webb\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Hubble vs Webb<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__primary-item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"basic-nav-section-one\"><span>Team<\/span><svg class=\"hds-desktop-submenu-toggle-icon display-none tablet:display-none desktop:display-block\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"\" enable-background=\"new 0 0 400 400\" viewbox=\"0 0 400 400\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m4.2 122.2 195.1 195.1 196.5-196.6-37.9-38-157.8 157.8-156.8-156.8z\"><\/path><\/svg><svg class=\"hds-mobile-submenu-toggle-icon display-block tablet:display-block desktop:display-none\" width=\"16\" 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aria-controls=\"basic-nav-section-one\"><span>More<\/span><svg class=\"hds-desktop-submenu-toggle-icon display-none tablet:display-none desktop:display-block\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"\" enable-background=\"new 0 0 400 400\" viewbox=\"0 0 400 400\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m4.2 122.2 195.1 195.1 196.5-196.6-37.9-38-157.8 157.8-156.8-156.8z\"><\/path><\/svg><svg class=\"hds-mobile-submenu-toggle-icon display-block tablet:display-block desktop:display-none\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle cx=\"8\" cy=\"8\" r=\"7.5\" fill=\"#0B3D91\" stroke=\"white\"><\/circle><rect x=\"4\" y=\"7.6001\" width=\"8\" height=\"0.8\" fill=\"white\"><\/rect><rect class=\"hds-mobile-submenu-toggle-icon-line-vertical\" x=\"7.59998\" y=\"12\" width=\"8\" height=\"0.8\" transform=\"rotate(-90 7.59998 12)\" fill=\"white\"><\/rect><\/svg><\/button>\n<ul class=\"usa-nav__submenu\" hidden>\n<li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/overview\/hubbles-35th-anniversary\/\" rel=\"noopener\">35th Anniversary<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/nav>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-article-hero-header nasa-gb-align-full bg-carbon-90 width-full maxw-full color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-article-hero-header\">\n<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full maxw-full minh-tablet grid-container minh-tablet flex-column padding-0\">\n<div class=\"hds-foreground-wrapper display-flex flex-direction-column\">\n<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block margin-top-auto width-full maxw-desktop-lg padding-y-9 padding-x-3 desktop:padding-x-3 z-400\">\n<div class=\"z-400 grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-7 z-400\">\n<div class=\"margin-0\">\n<div class=\"label color-spacesuit-white margin-bottom-2\">7 Min Read<\/div>\n<h1 class=\"heading-41 line-height-md color-spacesuit-white-important\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNASA Celebrates Edwin Hubble\u2019s Discovery of a New Universe\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h1>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-left mobile-skrim-top z-200\"><\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1040\" src=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"Ground-based image of the Andromeda Galaxy stretches from lower left to upper right. A white arrow points to the location of the Hubble observations. Above the galaxy are four boxes containing Hubble images of the variable star at different luminosities.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp 2824w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=300,203 300w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=768,520 768w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=1024,693 1024w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=1536,1040 1536w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=2048,1387 2048w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=400,271 400w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=600,406 600w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=900,609 900w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=1200,812 1200w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=2000,1354 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" loading=\"eager\"><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"padding-y-3 padding-x-3\">\n<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block padding-x-0\"><figcaption class=\"hds-caption maxw-mobile desktop:padding-x-3\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0 color-carbon-30\">\n<div><figcaption>The Cepheid variable star, called V1, in the neighboring Andromeda galaxy.<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits color-spacesuit-white-important\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Credits: <\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>NASA, ESA, Hubble Heritage Team (STScI\/AURA); Acknowledgement: R. Gendler<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>For humans, the most important star in the universe is our Sun. The second-most important star is nestled inside the Andromeda galaxy. Don\u2019t go looking for it \u2014 the flickering star is 2.2 million light-years away, and is 1\/100,000th the brightness of the faintest star visible to the human eye.<\/p>\n<p>Yet, a century ago, its discovery by <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/people\/edwin-hubble\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Edwin Hubble<\/a>, then an astronomer at Carnegie Observatories, opened humanity\u2019s eyes as to how large the universe really is, and revealed that our Milky Way galaxy is just one of hundreds of billions of galaxies in the universe ushered in the coming-of-age for humans as a curious species that could scientifically ponder our own creation through the message of starlight. <a href=\"https:\/\/carnegiescience.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Carnegie Science<\/a> and NASA are celebrating this centennial at the <a href=\"https:\/\/aas.org\/meetings\/aas245\" rel=\"noopener\">245th meeting of the American Astronomical Society<\/a> in Washington, D.C.<\/p>\n<p>The seemingly inauspicious star, simply named V1, flung open a Pandora\u2019s box full of mysteries about time and space that are still challenging astronomers today. Using the largest telescope in the world at that time, the Carnegie-funded 100-inch Hooker Telescope at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mtwilson.edu\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Mount Wilson Observatory<\/a> in California, Hubble discovered the demure star in 1923. This rare type of pulsating star, called a Cepheid variable, is used as milepost markers for distant celestial objects. There are no tape-measures in space, but by the early 20th century Henrietta Swan Leavitt had discovered that the pulsation period of Cepheid variables is directly tied to their luminosity.<\/p>\n<p>Many astronomers long believed that the edge of the Milky Way marked the edge of the entire universe. But Hubble determined that V1, located inside the Andromeda \u201cnebula,\u201d was at a distance that far exceeded anything in our own Milky Way galaxy. This led Hubble to the jaw-dropping realization that the universe extends far beyond our own galaxy.<\/p>\n<p>In fact Hubble had suspected there was a larger universe out there, but here was the proof in the pudding. He was so amazed he scribbled an exclamation mark on the photographic plate of Andromeda that pinpointed the variable star.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-wide\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1387\" src=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Ground-based image of the Andromeda Galaxy stretches from lower left to upper right. A white arrow points to the location of the Hubble observations. Above the galaxy are four boxes containing Hubble images of the variable star at different luminosities.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp 2824w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=300,203 300w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=768,520 768w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=1024,693 1024w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=1536,1040 1536w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=2048,1387 2048w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=400,271 400w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=600,406 600w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=900,609 900w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=1200,812 1200w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=2000,1354 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">In commemoration of Edwin Hubble\u2019s discovery of a Cepheid variable class star, called V1, in the neighboring Andromeda galaxy 100 years ago, astronomers partnered with the American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO) to study the star. AAVSO observers followed V1 for six months, producing a plot, or light curve, of the rhythmic rise and fall of the star\u2019s light. Based on this data, the Hubble Space Telescope was scheduled to capture the star at its dimmest and brightest light. Edwin Hubble\u2019s observations of V1 became the critical first step in uncovering a larger, grander universe than some astronomers imagined at the time. Once dismissed as a nearby \u201cspiral nebula\u201d measurements of Andromeda with its embedded Cepheid star served as a stellar milepost marker. It definitively showed that Andromeda was far outside of our Milky Way. Edwin Hubble went on to measure the distances to many galaxies beyond the Milky Way by finding Cepheid variables within those levels. The velocities of those galaxies, in turn, allowed him to determine that the universe is expanding.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA, ESA, Hubble Heritage Team (STScI\/AURA); Acknowledgment: R. Gendler<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>As a result, the science of cosmology exploded almost overnight. Hubble\u2019s contemporary, the distinguished Harvard astronomer Harlow Shapley, upon Hubble notifying him of the discovery, was devastated. \u201cHere is the letter that destroyed my universe,\u201d he lamented to fellow astronomer Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin, who was in his office when he opened Hubble\u2019s message.<\/p>\n<p>Just three years earlier, Shapley had presented his observational interpretation of a much smaller universe in a debate one evening at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History in Washington. He maintained that the Milky Way galaxy was so huge, it must encompass the entirety of the universe. Shapley insisted that the mysteriously fuzzy \u201cspiral nebulae,\u201d such as Andromeda, were simply stars forming on the periphery of our Milky Way, and inconsequential.<\/p>\n<p>Little could Hubble have imagined that 70 years later, an extraordinary telescope named after him, lofted hundreds of miles above the Earth, would continue his legacy. The marvelous telescope made \u201cHubble\u201d a household word, synonymous with wonderous astronomy.<\/p>\n<p>Today, NASA\u2019s Hubble Space Telescope pushes the frontiers of knowledge over 10 times farther than Edwin Hubble could ever see. The space telescope has lifted the curtain on a compulsive universe full of active stars, colliding galaxies, and runaway black holes, among the celestial fireworks of the interplay between matter and energy.<\/p>\n<p>Edwin Hubble was the first astronomer to take the initial steps that would ultimately lead to the Hubble Space Telescope, revealing a seemingly infinite ocean of galaxies. He thought that, despite their abundance, galaxies came in just a few specific shapes: pinwheel spirals, football-shaped ellipticals, and oddball irregular galaxies. He thought these might be clues to galaxy evolution \u2013 but the answer had to wait for the Hubble Space Telescope\u2019s legendary Hubble Deep Field in 1994.<\/p>\n<p>The most impactful finding that Edwin Hubble\u2019s analysis showed was that the farther the galaxy is, the faster it appears to be receding from Earth. The universe looked like it was expanding like a balloon. This was based on Hubble tying galaxy distances to the reddening of light \u2014 the redshift \u2013 that proportionally increased the father away the galaxies are.<\/p>\n<p>The redshift data were first collected by Lowell Observatory astronomer Vesto Slipher, who spectroscopically studied the \u201cspiral nebulae\u201d a decade before Hubble. Slipher did not know they were extragalactic, but Hubble made the connection. Slipher first interpreted his redshift data an example of the Doppler effect. This phenomenon is caused by light being stretched to longer, redder wavelengths if a source is moving away from us. To Slipher, it was curious that all the spiral nebulae appeared to be moving away from Earth.<\/p>\n<p>Two years prior to Hubble publishing his findings, the Belgian physicist and Jesuit priest Georges Lema\u00eetre analyzed the Hubble and Slifer observations and first came to the conclusion of an expanding universe. This proportionality between galaxies\u2019 distances and redshifts is today termed Hubble\u2013Lema\u00eetre\u2019s law.<\/p>\n<p>Because the universe appeared to be uniformly expanding, Lema\u00eetre further realized that the expansion rate could be run back into time \u2013 like rewinding a movie \u2013 until the universe was unimaginably small, hot, and dense. It wasn\u2019t until 1949 that the term \u201cbig bang\u201d came into fashion.<\/p>\n<p>This was a relief to Edwin Hubble\u2019s contemporary, Albert Einstein, who deduced the universe could not remain stationary without imploding under gravity\u2019s pull. The rate of cosmic expansion is now known as the Hubble Constant.<\/p>\n<p>Ironically, Hubble himself never fully accepted the runaway universe as an interpretation of the redshift data. He suspected that some unknown physics phenomenon was giving the illusion that the galaxies were flying away from each other. He was partly right in that Einstein\u2019s theory of special relativity explained redshift as an effect of time-dilation that is proportional to the stretching of expanding space. The galaxies only appear to be zooming through the universe. Space is expanding instead.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/missions\/hubble\/stars\/cepheids\/Hubble_M31CepheidV1_STScI-01JH3VVV20M54X336XTRFMVW0X.jpg?w=1220&#038;h=1220&#038;fit=clip&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1220\" height=\"1220\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/missions\/hubble\/stars\/cepheids\/Hubble_M31CepheidV1_STScI-01JH3VVV20M54X336XTRFMVW0X.jpg?w=1220&#038;h=1220&#038;fit=clip&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Compass and scale image titled \u201cCepheid Variable Star V1 in M31 HST WFC3\/UVIS.\u201d Four boxes each showing a bright white star in the center surrounded by other stars. Each box has a correlating date at the bottom: Dec. 17, 2020, Dec. 21, 2010, Dec. 30, 2019, and Jan. 26, 2011. The center star in the boxes appears brighter with each passing date.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/missions\/hubble\/stars\/cepheids\/Hubble_M31CepheidV1_STScI-01JH3VVV20M54X336XTRFMVW0X.jpg?w=1220&#038;h=1220&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1220w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/missions\/hubble\/stars\/cepheids\/Hubble_M31CepheidV1_STScI-01JH3VVV20M54X336XTRFMVW0X.jpg?w=150&#038;h=150&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 150w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/missions\/hubble\/stars\/cepheids\/Hubble_M31CepheidV1_STScI-01JH3VVV20M54X336XTRFMVW0X.jpg?w=300&#038;h=300&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/missions\/hubble\/stars\/cepheids\/Hubble_M31CepheidV1_STScI-01JH3VVV20M54X336XTRFMVW0X.jpg?w=768&#038;h=768&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/missions\/hubble\/stars\/cepheids\/Hubble_M31CepheidV1_STScI-01JH3VVV20M54X336XTRFMVW0X.jpg?w=1024&#038;h=1024&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/missions\/hubble\/stars\/cepheids\/Hubble_M31CepheidV1_STScI-01JH3VVV20M54X336XTRFMVW0X.jpg?w=50&#038;h=50&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 50w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/missions\/hubble\/stars\/cepheids\/Hubble_M31CepheidV1_STScI-01JH3VVV20M54X336XTRFMVW0X.jpg?w=100&#038;h=100&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 100w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/missions\/hubble\/stars\/cepheids\/Hubble_M31CepheidV1_STScI-01JH3VVV20M54X336XTRFMVW0X.jpg?w=200&#038;h=200&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 200w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/missions\/hubble\/stars\/cepheids\/Hubble_M31CepheidV1_STScI-01JH3VVV20M54X336XTRFMVW0X.jpg?w=400&#038;h=400&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/missions\/hubble\/stars\/cepheids\/Hubble_M31CepheidV1_STScI-01JH3VVV20M54X336XTRFMVW0X.jpg?w=600&#038;h=600&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/missions\/hubble\/stars\/cepheids\/Hubble_M31CepheidV1_STScI-01JH3VVV20M54X336XTRFMVW0X.jpg?w=900&#038;h=900&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/missions\/hubble\/stars\/cepheids\/Hubble_M31CepheidV1_STScI-01JH3VVV20M54X336XTRFMVW0X.jpg?w=1200&#038;h=1200&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1220px) 100vw, 1220px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Compass and scale image titled \u201cCepheid Variable Star V1 in M31 HST WFC3\/UVIS.\u201d Four boxes each showing a bright white star in the center surrounded by other stars. Each box has a correlating date at the bottom: Dec. 17, 2020, Dec. 21, 2010, Dec. 30, 2019, and Jan. 26, 2011. The center star in the boxes appears brighter with each passing date.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA, ESA, Hubble Heritage Project (STScI, AURA)<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>After decades of precise measurements, the Hubble telescope came along to nail down the expansion rate precisely, giving the universe an age of 13.8 billion years. This required establishing the first rung of what astronomers call the \u201ccosmic distance ladder\u201d needed to build a yardstick to far-flung galaxies. They are cousins to V1, Cepheid variable stars that the Hubble telescope can detect out to over 100 times farther from Earth than the star Edwin Hubble first found.<\/p>\n<p>Astrophysics was turned on its head again in 1998 when the Hubble telescope and other observatories discovered that the universe was expanding at an ever-faster rate, through a phenomenon dubbed \u201cdark energy.\u201d Einstein first toyed with this idea of a repulsive form of gravity in space, calling it the cosmological constant.<\/p>\n<p>Even more mysteriously, the current expansion rate appears to be different than what modern cosmological models of the developing universe would predict, further confounding theoreticians. Today astronomers are wrestling with the idea that whatever is accelerating the universe may be changing over time. NASA\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/roman-space-telescope\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Roman Space Telescope<\/a>, with the ability to do large cosmic surveys, should lead to new insights into the behavior of dark matter and dark energy. Roman will likely measure the Hubble constant via lensed supernovae.<\/p>\n<p>This grand century-long adventure, plumbing depths of the unknown, began with Hubble photographing a large smudge of light, the Andromeda galaxy, at the Mount Wilson Observatory high above Los Angeles.<\/p>\n<p>In short, Edwin Hubble is the man who wiped away the ancient universe and discovered a new universe that would shrink humanity\u2019s self-perception into being an insignificant speck in the cosmos.<\/p>\n<p><em>The Hubble Space Telescope has been operating for over three decades and continues to make ground-breaking discoveries that shape our fundamental understanding of the universe. Hubble is a project of international cooperation between NASA and ESA (European Space Agency). NASA\u2019s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, manages the telescope and mission operations. Lockheed Martin Space, based in Denver, also supports mission operations at Goddard. The Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, conducts Hubble science operations for NASA.<\/em><\/p>\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Explore More<\/h1>\n<div class=\"nasa-gb-align-center nasa-button-link padding-y-1 padding-x-0 hds-module wp-block-nasa-blocks-related-link\">\n\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/people\/edwin-hubble\/\" target=\"_self\" class=\"button-primary button-primary-md link-external-true\" aria-label=\"Edwin Hubble\" rel=\"noopener\"><br \/>\n\t\t<span class=\"line-height-alt-1\">Edwin Hubble<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t<svg viewbox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"button-primary-circle\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"nasa-gb-align-center nasa-button-link padding-y-1 padding-x-0 hds-module wp-block-nasa-blocks-related-link\">\n\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/missions\/hubble\/hubble-views-the-star-that-changed-the-universe\/\" target=\"_self\" class=\"button-primary button-primary-md link-external-true\" aria-label=\"Hubble Views the Star That Changed the Universe\" rel=\"noopener\"><br \/>\n\t\t<span class=\"line-height-alt-1\">Hubble Views the Star That Changed the Universe<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t<svg viewbox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"button-primary-circle\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"nasa-gb-align-center nasa-button-link padding-y-1 padding-x-0 hds-module wp-block-nasa-blocks-related-link\">\n\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/overview\/the-history-of-hubble\/\" target=\"_self\" class=\"button-primary button-primary-md link-external-true\" aria-label=\"The History of Hubble\" rel=\"noopener\"><br \/>\n\t\t<span class=\"line-height-alt-1\">The History of Hubble<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t<svg viewbox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"button-primary-circle\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-social-media hds-social-media--horizontal grid-container grid-container-block nasa-gb-align- width-full maxw-full margin-y-0 padding-y-5 padding-x-3 desktop:padding-x-0 font-weight-bold hds-module wp-block-nasa-blocks-social-media-links\">\n<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center padding-y-1\">\n<div class=\"circle-4 minw-4 display-flex flex-align-center flex-justify-center\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-labelledby=\"facebookIconTitle\"><title>Facebook logo<\/title><path d=\"M9 8h-3v4h3v12h5v-12h3.642l.358-4h-4v-1.667c0-.955.192-1.333 1.115-1.333h2.885v-5h-3.808c-3.596 0-5.192 1.583-5.192 4.615v3.385z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-social-media-items padding-left-2\">\n\t\t\t\t<a target=\"_blank\" class=\"margin-right-2\" href=\"https:\/\/facebook.com\/NASAHubble\" aria-label=\"Go to @NASAHubble on facebook\" rel=\"noopener\">@NASAHubble<\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center padding-y-1\">\n<div class=\"circle-4 minw-4 display-flex flex-align-center flex-justify-center\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"1200\" height=\"1227\" viewbox=\"0 0 1200 1227\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M714.163 519.284L1160.89 0H1055.03L667.137 450.887L357.328 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C135.661,29.421,132.821,28.251,129.921,28.251z\"><\/path><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-social-media-items padding-left-2\">\n\t\t\t\t<a target=\"_blank\" class=\"margin-right-2\" href=\"https:\/\/instagram.com\/NASAHubble\" aria-label=\"Go to @NASAHubble on instagram\" rel=\"noopener\">@NASAHubble<\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong><span>Media Contact<\/span>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Claire Andreoli<\/strong>\u00a0(<a href=\"mailto:claire.andreoli@nasa.gov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>claire.andreoli@nasa.gov<\/strong><\/a>)<br \/><strong>NASA\u2019s\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/goddard\"><strong>Goddard Space Flight Center<\/strong><\/a>,\u00a0<strong>Greenbelt, MD<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Ray Villard<br \/>Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, MD<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"nasa-gb-align-full width-full maxw-full padding-x-3 padding-y-0 article_a hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-credits-and-details\">\n<section class=\"padding-x-0 padding-top-5 padding-bottom-2 desktop:padding-top-7 desktop:padding-bottom-9\">\n<div class=\"grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-0\">\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-2 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n<div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n<h2 class=\"heading-14\">Share<\/h2>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"padding-bottom-2\">\n<ul class=\"social-icons social-icons-round\">\n<li class=\"social-icon social-icon-x\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/intent\/tweet?via=NASA&#038;text=NASA%20Celebrates%20Edwin%20Hubble%26%238217%3Bs%20Discovery%20of%20a%20New%20Universe&#038;url=https%3A%2F%2Fscience.nasa.gov%2Fmissions%2Fhubble%2Fnasa-celebrates-edwin-hubbles-discovery-of-a-new-universe%2F\" aria-label=\"Share on X.\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"1200\" height=\"1227\" viewbox=\"0 0 1200 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4.615v3.385z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"social-icon social-icon-linkedin\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/shareArticle?mini=true&#038;url=https%3A%2F%2Fscience.nasa.gov%2Fmissions%2Fhubble%2Fnasa-celebrates-edwin-hubbles-discovery-of-a-new-universe%2F\" aria-label=\"Share on LinkedIn.\" rel=\"noopener\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M4.98 3.5c0 1.381-1.11 2.5-2.48 2.5s-2.48-1.119-2.48-2.5c0-1.38 1.11-2.5 2.48-2.5s2.48 1.12 2.48 2.5zm.02 4.5h-5v16h5v-16zm7.982 0h-4.968v16h4.969v-8.399c0-4.67 6.029-5.052 6.029 0v8.399h4.988v-10.131c0-7.88-8.922-7.593-11.018-3.714v-2.155z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"social-icon social-icon-rss\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/feed\/\" aria-label=\"Subscribe to RSS feed.\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 800 800\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M493 652H392c0-134-111-244-244-244V307c189 0 345 156 345 345zm71 0c0-228-188-416-416-416V132c285 0 520 235 520 520z\"><\/path><circle cx=\"219\" cy=\"581\" r=\"71\"><\/circle><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n<div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n<h2 class=\"heading-14\">Details<\/h2>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-row margin-bottom-3\">\n<div class=\"grid-col-4\">\n<div class=\"subheading\">Last Updated<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-8\">Jan 15, 2025<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-row margin-bottom-3\">\n<div class=\"grid-col-4\">\n<div class=\"subheading\">Editor<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-8\">Andrea Gianopoulos<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-row\">\n<div class=\"grid-col-4\">\n<div class=\"subheading\">Location<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-8\"><a class=\"hds-location-tag-name\" href=\"https:\/\/nasa.gov\/goddard\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"hds-meta-heading\">NASA Goddard Space Flight Center<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n<div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black \">\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n<h2 class=\"heading-14\">Related Terms<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"article-tags\">\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/category\/universe\/galaxies\/andromeda-galaxy\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Andromeda Galaxy<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/astrophysics\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Astrophysics<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/astrophysics\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Astrophysics Division<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/goddard\/\">Goddard Space Flight Center<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\" rel=\"noopener\">Hubble Space Telescope<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/universe\/stars\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Stars<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/universe\/\" rel=\"noopener\">The Universe<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/section><\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-cards nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-topic-cards\">\n<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block-lg padding-x-0\">\n<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3\">\n<div class=\"desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n<div class=\"label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-2\">Keep Exploring<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"heading-36 line-height-sm\">Discover More Topics From Hubble<\/h2>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-row grid-gap-2 hds-topic-cards-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/hubble\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Hubble Space Telescope<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewbox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n<p class=\"margin-bottom-0 margin-top-2 color-carbon-20-important\">Since its 1990 launch, the Hubble Space Telescope has changed our fundamental understanding of the universe.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1512\" height=\"1536\" src=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?w=1512\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg 4031w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=295,300 295w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=768,780 768w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=1008,1024 1008w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=1512,1536 1512w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=2016,2048 2016w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=50,50 50w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=394,400 394w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=591,600 591w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=886,900 886w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=1181,1200 1181w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=1969,2000 1969w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1512px) 100vw, 1512px\"><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/science\/science-highlights\/discovering-a-runaway-universe\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Discovering a Runaway Universe<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewbox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n<p class=\"margin-bottom-0 margin-top-2 color-carbon-20-important\">Our cosmos is growing, and that expansion rate is accelerating.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1040\" src=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp 2824w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=300,203 300w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=768,520 768w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=1024,693 1024w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=1536,1040 1536w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=2048,1387 2048w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=400,271 400w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=600,406 600w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=900,609 900w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=1200,812 1200w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/stsci-prc11-15a-jpg.webp?resize=2000,1354 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\"><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/overview\/the-history-of-hubble\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>The History of Hubble<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewbox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1012\" src=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/hubble3b-jpg.webp?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/hubble3b-jpg.webp 2952w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/hubble3b-jpg.webp?resize=300,198 300w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/hubble3b-jpg.webp?resize=768,506 768w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/hubble3b-jpg.webp?resize=1024,674 1024w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/hubble3b-jpg.webp?resize=1536,1012 1536w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/hubble3b-jpg.webp?resize=2048,1349 2048w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/hubble3b-jpg.webp?resize=400,263 400w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/hubble3b-jpg.webp?resize=600,395 600w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/hubble3b-jpg.webp?resize=900,593 900w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/hubble3b-jpg.webp?resize=1200,790 1200w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/hubble3b-jpg.webp?resize=2000,1317 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\"><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\/science\/explore-the-night-sky\/hubbles-night-sky-challenge\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n<div>\n<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Hubble\u2019s Night Sky Challenge<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewbox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"375\" height=\"350\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/missions\/hubble\/mission\/35th-anniversary\/stargazing-banner-2_crop.jpg?w=375&#038;h=350&#038;fit=clip&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/missions\/hubble\/mission\/35th-anniversary\/stargazing-banner-2_crop.jpg?w=375&#038;h=350&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 375w, https:\/\/assets.science.nasa.gov\/dynamicimage\/assets\/science\/missions\/hubble\/mission\/35th-anniversary\/stargazing-banner-2_crop.jpg?w=300&#038;h=280&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 375px) 100vw, 375px\"><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"wpematico_credit\"><small>Powered by <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wpematico.com\" target=\"_blank\">WPeMatico<\/a><\/small><\/p>\n<p><a  href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/missions\/hubble\/nasa-celebrates-edwin-hubbles-discovery-of-a-new-universe\/\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Get The Details&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>For humans, the most important star in the universe is our Sun. The second-most important star is nestled inside the Andromeda galaxy. Don\u2019t go looking for it \u2014 the flickering star is 2.2 million light-years away, and is 1\/100,000th the brightness of the faintest star visible to the human eye. 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