{"id":12657,"date":"2024-12-06T18:59:01","date_gmt":"2024-12-06T22:59:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zobi.alcowep.com\/bourtagshdrevxnls658739\/nasa-accelerates-space-exploration-earth-science-for-all-in-2024\/"},"modified":"2024-12-06T18:59:01","modified_gmt":"2024-12-06T22:59:01","slug":"nasa-accelerates-space-exploration-earth-science-for-all-in-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zobi.alcowep.com\/bourtagshdrevxnls658739\/nasa-accelerates-space-exploration-earth-science-for-all-in-2024\/","title":{"rendered":"NASA Accelerates Space Exploration, Earth Science for All in 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">NASA Accelerates Space Exploration, Earth Science for All in 2024<\/h2>\n<p><!-- no image --><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<p>With a look back at 2024, NASA is celebrating its many innovative and inspiring accomplishments this year including for the first time, landing new science and technology on the Moon with an American company, pushing the boundaries of exploration by launching a new mission to study Jupiter\u2019s icy moon Europa; maintaining 24 years of continuous human exploration off the Earth aboard the International Space Station, and unveiling the first look at its supersonic quiet aircraft for the benefit of humanity.<\/p>\n<p>The agency also shared the wonder of a total eclipse with millions of Americans, conducted the final flight of its Ingenuity helicopter on the Red Planet, demonstrated the first laser communications capability in deep space, tested the next generation solar sail in space, made new scientific discoveries with its James Webb Space Telescope, completed a year-long Mars simulation on Earth with crew, announced the newest class of Artemis Generation astronauts, and much more.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIn 2024, NASA made leap after giant leap to explore, discover, and inspire \u2013 all while bringing real, tangible, and substantial benefits to the American people and to all of humanity,\u201d said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson. \u201cWe deepened the commercial and international partnerships that will help NASA lead humanity back to the Moon and then to the red sands of Mars. We launched new missions to study our solar system and our universe in captivating new ways. We observed our changing Earth through our eyes in the sky \u2013 our ever-growing fleet of satellites and instruments \u2013 and shared that data with all of humanity. And we opened the doors to new possibilities in aviation, new breakthroughs on the International Space Station, and new wonders in space travel.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Through its Moon to Mars exploration approach, the agency continued moving forward with its Artemis campaign, including progress toward its first mission around the Moon with crew in more than 50 years and advancing plans to explore more of the Moon than ever before. So far in 2024, 15 countries signed the Artemis Accords, committing to the safe, transparent, and responsible exploration of space with the United States.<\/p>\n<p>As part of efforts to monitor climate change, the agency launched multiple satellites to study our changing planet and opened its second Earth Information Center to provide data to a wider audience.<\/p>\n<p>With the release of its latest <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/fy-2023-economic-impact-report\/\">Economic Impact Report<\/a>, NASA underscored the agency\u2019s $75.6 billion impact on the U.S. economy, value to society, and return on investment for taxpayers.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cTo invest in NASA is to invest in American workers, American innovation, the American economy, and American economic competitiveness. Through continued investments in our workforce and our infrastructure, NASA will continue to propel American leadership on Earth, in the skies, and in the stars,\u201d said Nelson.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Key 2024 agency highlights across its mission areas include:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Preparing for Moon, Mars<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This year, NASA made strides toward the Artemis Generation of scientific discovery at the Moon while validating operations and systems to prepare for human missions to Mars. The agency advanced toward Artemis II, the first crewed flight under Artemis:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>NASA <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-shares-orion-heat-shield-findings-updates-artemis-moon-missions\/\">announced<\/a> results of its Orion heat shield investigation and updated its timelines for Artemis II and III.<\/li>\n<li>Teams <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-ships-moon-rocket-stage-ahead-of-first-crewed-artemis-flight\/#:~:text=NASA%20rolled%20out%20the%20SLS%20%28Space%20Launch%20System%29,mission%20to%20the%20Moon%20under%20the%20Artemis%20campaign.\">delivered the core stage<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/images.nasa.gov\/details\/KSC-20240907-MH-CMS01_0001-LVSA_Arrival_Timelapse-M8898\" rel=\"noopener\">launch vehicle stage adapter<\/a> of the SLS (Space Launch System) rocket from NASA\u2019s Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans to NASA\u2019s Kennedy Space Center in Florida and began stacking the rocket\u2019s booster segments.<\/li>\n<li>Engineers carried out a <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.nasa.gov\/artemis\/2024\/09\/17\/nasa-teams-update-camera-software-ahead-of-artemis-ii-launch\/\" rel=\"noopener\">series<\/a> of tests of the mobile launcher and systems at NASA Kennedy\u2019s Launch Pad 39B ahead of the test flight and added an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/artemis\/artemis-2\/artemis-emergency-egress-system-emphasizes-crew-safety\/\">emergency egress system<\/a> to keep crew and other personnel at the launch pad safe in the case of an emergency.<\/li>\n<li>NASA performed key integrated testing of the Orion spacecraft that will send four astronauts around the Moon and bring them home, including <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.nasa.gov\/artemis\/2024\/06\/28\/nasas-artemis-ii-orion-spacecraft-prepares-for-vacuum-testing\/\" rel=\"noopener\">testing<\/a> inside an altitude chamber simulating the vacuum conditions of deep space.<\/li>\n<li>The crew and other teams performed key training activities to prepare for flight, including practicing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/artemis\/artemis-2\/splashdown-101-joint-team-to-recover-crew-orion-after-moon-missions\/\">recovery operations at sea<\/a>, as well as launch countdown and mission simulations.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>In February, the first Moon landing through the agency\u2019s CLPS (Commercial Lunar Payload Services) initiative <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-tech-contributes-to-soft-moon-landing-agency-science-underway\/\">brought NASA science to the lunar surface<\/a> on Intuitive Machines\u2019 Nova-C lander successfully capturing data that will help us better understand the Moon\u2019s environment and improve landing precision and safety.<\/li>\n<li>In August, NASA announced that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-awards-intuitive-machines-lunar-south-pole-research-delivery\/\">a new set of NASA science experiments<\/a> and technology demonstrations will arrive at the lunar South Pole in 2027 following the agency\u2019s latest CLPS initiative delivery award.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>To return valuable samples from Mars to Earth, NASA sought <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-sets-path-to-return-mars-samples-seeks-innovative-designs\/\">innovative designs<\/a> and announced a new <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/missions\/mars-sample-return\/new-team-to-assess-nasas-mars-sample-return-architecture-proposals\/\" rel=\"noopener\">strategy review team<\/a> to assess various design studies to reduce cost, risk, and complexity.<\/li>\n<li>NASA\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/missions\/maven\/celebrating-10-years-at-mars-with-nasas-maven-mission\/\" rel=\"noopener\">MAVEN<\/a> (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN) spacecraft celebrated 10 years of exploration of the Red Planet\u2019s upper atmosphere.<\/li>\n<li>After three years, NASA\u2019s Ingenuity Mars Helicopter <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/after-three-years-on-mars-nasas-ingenuity-helicopter-mission-ends\/\">ended<\/a> its mission in January, with dozens more flights than planned.<\/li>\n<li>In September, the NASA Space Communications and Navigation team awarded a contract to Intuitive Machines to support the agency\u2019s lunar relay systems as part of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/communicating-with-missions\/nsn\/\">Near Space Network<\/a>, operated by NASA\u2019s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>NASA identified an updated set of nine <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-provides-update-on-artemis-iii-moon-landing-regions\/\">potential landing regions<\/a> near the lunar South Pole for its Artemis III mission.<\/li>\n<li>Capturing the current state of the Moon to Mars architecture, NASA released the second revision of its <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/moontomarsarchitecture\/\">Architecture Definition Document<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>NASA formalized two international agreements for key Artemis elements, including with the United Arab Emirates for the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-united-arab-emirates-announce-artemis-lunar-gateway-airlock\/\">Gateway airlock module<\/a>, and with Japan to provide a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-japan-advance-space-cooperation-sign-agreement-for-lunar-rover\/\">pressurized rover<\/a> for the lunar surface.<\/li>\n<li>Astronauts, scientists, and engineers took part in testing key technologies and evaluating hardware needed to work at the Moon, including <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/missions\/artemis\/behind-the-scenes-of-a-nasa-moonwalk-in-the-arizona-desert\/\" rel=\"noopener\">simulating moonwalks<\/a> in geologically Moon-like areas of Arizona, practiced integration between the crew and mission controllers, participated in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/artemis\/gateway\/gateway-life-in-a-lunar-module\/\">human factors testing<\/a> for Gateway, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/esdmd\/artemis-campaign-development-division\/human-landing-system-program\/nasa-astronauts-practice-next-giant-leap-for-artemis\/\">evaluated the developmental hardware.<\/a><\/li>\n<li>NASA worked collaboratively with SpaceX and Blue Origin on their human lunar landers for Artemis missions, exercising an option under existing contracts to develop <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/esdmd\/artemis-campaign-development-division\/human-landing-system-program\/work-underway-on-large-cargo-landers-for-nasas-artemis-moon-missions\/\">cargo variants<\/a> of their human landers.<\/li>\n<li>In August, as part of its commitment to a robust, sustainable lunar exploration program for the benefit of all, NASA <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/missions\/artemis\/clps\/viper\/nasa-explores-industry-partner-interest-in-using-viper-moon-rover\/\" rel=\"noopener\">announced<\/a> it issued a <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/viper\/rfi\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Request for Information<\/a> to seek interest from American companies and institutions in conducting a mission using the agency\u2019s VIPER (Volatiles Investigating Polar Exploration Rover) Moon rover.<\/li>\n<li>The agency <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-selects-companies-to-advance-moon-mobility-for-artemis-missions\/\">selected three companies<\/a> to advance capabilities for a lunar terrain vehicle that Artemis astronauts will use to travel around the lunar surface.<\/li>\n<li>NASA completed a critical design review on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/nasas-new-mobile-launcher-stacks-up-for-future-artemis-missions\/\">second mobile launcher<\/a>, which will launch the more powerful Block 1B version of the SLS rocket.<\/li>\n<li>Engineers at NASA Kennedy continued outfitting the Artemis III and IV Orion crew modules and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/new-hardware-for-future-artemis-moon-missions-arrive-at-nasa-kennedy\/\">received<\/a> the European-built Orion service module for Artemis III; they also received several sections of the Artemis III and IV SLS core stages, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/esdmd\/common-exploration-systems-development-division\/space-launch-system\/nasa-boeing-optimizing-vehicle-assembly-building-high-bay-for-future-sls-stage-production\/\">upgraded<\/a> High Bay 2 in the Vehicle Assembly Building.<\/li>\n<li>NASA <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/stennis\/nasa-achieves-milestone-for-engines-to-power-future-artemis-missions\/\">completed<\/a> its second RS-25 certification test series at NASA\u2019s Stennis Space Center near Bay St. Louis, Mississippi, setting the stage for production of new engines to help power future Artemis missions to the Moon and beyond.<\/li>\n<li>The CHAPEA (Crew Health and Performance Exploration Analog) 1 crew <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/analog-field-testing\/chapea\/first-mars-crew-completes-yearlong-simulated-red-planet-nasa-mission\/\">completed<\/a> a 378-day mission in a ground-based Mars habitat at NASA\u2019s Johnson Space Center in Houston.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"hds-image-carousel grid-container grid-container-block padding-top-8 padding-bottom-8 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-image-carousel\">\n<div class=\"hds-carousel-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"image-carousel-slider margin-0\">\n<div class=\"display-block width-full\">\n<figure class=\"margin-0\">\n<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper hds-image-carousel-slide margin-bottom-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/54067151504-46075ee405-k.jpg?w=1024\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"A SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket carrying NASA\u2019s Europa Clipper spacecraft launches off the coast of Florida, with blue skies and ocean in the background.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/54067151504-46075ee405-k.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/54067151504-46075ee405-k.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/54067151504-46075ee405-k.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/54067151504-46075ee405-k.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/54067151504-46075ee405-k.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/54067151504-46075ee405-k.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/54067151504-46075ee405-k.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/54067151504-46075ee405-k.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/54067151504-46075ee405-k.jpg?resize=1200,800 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/54067151504-46075ee405-k.jpg?resize=2000,1333 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" loading=\"eager\"><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">A SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket carrying NASA\u2019s Europa Clipper spacecraft lifts off from Launch Complex 39A at NASA\u2019s Kennedy Space Center in Florida at 12:06 p.m. EDT on Monday, Oct. 14, 2024. After launch, the spacecraft plans to fly by Mars in February 2025, then back by Earth in December 2026, using the gravity of each planet to increase its momentum. With help of these \u201cgravity assists,\u201d Europa Clipper will achieve the velocity needed to reach Jupiter in April 2030.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">Credit: NASA\/Kim Shiflett<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/figure><\/div>\n<div class=\"display-block width-full\">\n<figure class=\"margin-0\">\n<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper hds-image-carousel-slide margin-bottom-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/astronaut-graduation.jpg?w=1024\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"A group of new astronauts in their blue flight suits smile and wave from stage.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/astronaut-graduation.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/astronaut-graduation.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/astronaut-graduation.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/astronaut-graduation.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/astronaut-graduation.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/astronaut-graduation.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/astronaut-graduation.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/astronaut-graduation.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/astronaut-graduation.jpg?resize=1200,800 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/astronaut-graduation.jpg?resize=2000,1333 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">NASA newest class of astronauts, selected in 2021, graduate during a ceremony on March 5, 2024, at the at the agency\u2019s Johnson Space Center in Houston.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">Credit: NASA<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/figure><\/div>\n<div class=\"display-block width-full\">\n<figure class=\"margin-0\">\n<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper hds-image-carousel-slide margin-bottom-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/screenshot-21.png?w=1024\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Night vision view of Boeing's Starliner and its parachutes descending to New Mexico.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/screenshot-21.png 1920w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/screenshot-21.png?resize=300,169 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/screenshot-21.png?resize=768,432 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/screenshot-21.png?resize=1024,576 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/screenshot-21.png?resize=1536,864 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/screenshot-21.png?resize=400,225 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/screenshot-21.png?resize=600,338 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/screenshot-21.png?resize=900,506 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/screenshot-21.png?resize=1200,675 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">NASA and Boeing welcomed Starliner back to Earth following the uncrewed spacecraft\u2019s successful landing at 10:01 p.m. MDT Sept. 6, 2024, at the White Sands Space Harbor in New Mexico. <\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">Credit: NASA<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/figure><\/div>\n<div class=\"display-block width-full\">\n<figure class=\"margin-0\">\n<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper hds-image-carousel-slide margin-bottom-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/p23-171-010-16x9-no-bug.jpg?w=1024\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"The X-59 sits on a runway with a sunset and moutains in the background.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/p23-171-010-16x9-no-bug.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/p23-171-010-16x9-no-bug.jpg?resize=300,169 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/p23-171-010-16x9-no-bug.jpg?resize=768,432 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/p23-171-010-16x9-no-bug.jpg?resize=1024,576 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/p23-171-010-16x9-no-bug.jpg?resize=1536,864 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/p23-171-010-16x9-no-bug.jpg?resize=400,225 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/p23-171-010-16x9-no-bug.jpg?resize=600,338 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/p23-171-010-16x9-no-bug.jpg?resize=900,506 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/p23-171-010-16x9-no-bug.jpg?resize=1200,675 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">NASA\u2019s X-59 quiet supersonic research aircraft sits on the apron outside Lockheed Martin\u2019s Skunk Works facility at dawn in Palmdale, California. The X-59 is the centerpiece of NASA\u2019s Quesst mission, which seeks to address one of the primary challenges to supersonic flight over land by making sonic booms quieter.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">Credit: Lockheed Martin Skunk Works<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/figure><\/div>\n<div class=\"display-block width-full\">\n<figure class=\"margin-0\">\n<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper hds-image-carousel-slide margin-bottom-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/iss070e129908.jpg?w=1024\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Five NASA astronauts, three women and two men, pose for a photo together while wearing eclipse glasses. The eclipse glasses are rectangular and have two dark lenses.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/iss070e129908.jpg 8256w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/iss070e129908.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/iss070e129908.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/iss070e129908.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/iss070e129908.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/iss070e129908.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/iss070e129908.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/iss070e129908.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/iss070e129908.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/iss070e129908.jpg?resize=1200,800 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/iss070e129908.jpg?resize=2000,1333 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Five NASA astronauts wore eye-protecting specs in anticipation of viewing the solar eclipse from the International Space Station\u2019s cupola. The Expedition 70 crewmates had three opportunities on April 8 to view the Moon\u2019s shadow as it tracked across the Earth surface during the eclipse.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">Credit: NASA\/Loral O\u2019Hara<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/figure><\/div>\n<div class=\"display-block width-full\">\n<figure class=\"margin-0\">\n<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper hds-image-carousel-slide margin-bottom-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"277\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1-pia25968-fig-a.jpg?w=1024\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"NASA's Ingenuity Mars Helicopter sits on the rocky and rust-colored terrain of the Red Planet in the light of the Sun.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1-pia25968-fig-a.jpg 4160w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1-pia25968-fig-a.jpg?resize=300,81 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1-pia25968-fig-a.jpg?resize=768,208 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1-pia25968-fig-a.jpg?resize=1024,277 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1-pia25968-fig-a.jpg?resize=1536,416 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1-pia25968-fig-a.jpg?resize=2048,555 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1-pia25968-fig-a.jpg?resize=400,108 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1-pia25968-fig-a.jpg?resize=600,163 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1-pia25968-fig-a.jpg?resize=900,244 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1-pia25968-fig-a.jpg?resize=1200,325 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1-pia25968-fig-a.jpg?resize=2000,542 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">This enhanced color view of NASA\u2019s Ingenuity Mars Helicopter was generated using data collected by the Mastcam-Z instrument aboard the agency\u2019s Perseverance Mars rover on Aug. 2, 2023, the 871st Martian day, or sol, of the mission. The image was taken a day before the rotorcraft\u2019s 54th flight.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">Credit: NASA<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/figure><\/div>\n<div class=\"display-block width-full\">\n<figure class=\"margin-0\">\n<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper hds-image-carousel-slide margin-bottom-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/jsc2024e044208.jpg?w=1024\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Four people in black NASA jumpsuits are standing in front of a building with NASA logos and mission patches on the wall. They are smiling and holding mission patches, posing for a group photo.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/jsc2024e044208.jpg 6822w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/jsc2024e044208.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/jsc2024e044208.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/jsc2024e044208.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/jsc2024e044208.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/jsc2024e044208.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/jsc2024e044208.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/jsc2024e044208.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/jsc2024e044208.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/jsc2024e044208.jpg?resize=1200,800 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/jsc2024e044208.jpg?resize=2000,1333 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">The CHAPEA crew egress from their simulated Mars mission July 6, 2024, at NASA\u2019s Johnson Space Center in Houston. From left: Kelly Haston, Nathan Jones, Anca Selariu, and Ross Brockwell.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">Credit: NASA\/Josh Valcarcel<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/figure><\/div>\n<div class=\"display-block width-full\">\n<figure class=\"margin-0\">\n<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper hds-image-carousel-slide margin-bottom-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/acs3-solarsailturntable-right-2fb68e.png?w=1024\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"An artist\u2019s concept of NASA\u2019s Advanced Composite Solar Sail System spacecraft in orbit.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/acs3-solarsailturntable-right-2fb68e.png 3840w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/acs3-solarsailturntable-right-2fb68e.png?resize=300,169 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/acs3-solarsailturntable-right-2fb68e.png?resize=768,432 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/acs3-solarsailturntable-right-2fb68e.png?resize=1024,576 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/acs3-solarsailturntable-right-2fb68e.png?resize=1536,864 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/acs3-solarsailturntable-right-2fb68e.png?resize=2048,1152 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/acs3-solarsailturntable-right-2fb68e.png?resize=400,225 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/acs3-solarsailturntable-right-2fb68e.png?resize=600,338 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/acs3-solarsailturntable-right-2fb68e.png?resize=900,506 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/acs3-solarsailturntable-right-2fb68e.png?resize=1200,675 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/acs3-solarsailturntable-right-2fb68e.png?resize=2000,1125 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">An artist\u2019s concept of NASA\u2019s Advanced Composite Solar Sail System spacecraft in orbit.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">Credit: NASA\/Aero Animation\/Ben Schweighart<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/figure><\/div>\n<div class=\"display-block width-full\">\n<figure class=\"margin-0\">\n<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper hds-image-carousel-slide margin-bottom-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"677\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/nhq202409230025.jpg?w=1024\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Two women are smiling and looking on as a beaming child operates a robot from a tablet.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/nhq202409230025.jpg 7859w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/nhq202409230025.jpg?resize=300,198 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/nhq202409230025.jpg?resize=768,508 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/nhq202409230025.jpg?resize=1024,677 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/nhq202409230025.jpg?resize=1536,1015 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/nhq202409230025.jpg?resize=2048,1354 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/nhq202409230025.jpg?resize=400,264 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/nhq202409230025.jpg?resize=600,397 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/nhq202409230025.jpg?resize=900,595 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/nhq202409230025.jpg?resize=1200,793 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/nhq202409230025.jpg?resize=2000,1322 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Office of STEM Engagement Deputy Associate Administrator Kris Brown, right, and U.S. Department of Education Deputy Secretary Cindy Marten, left, watch as a student operates a robot during a STEM event to kickoff the 21st Century Community Learning Centers NASA and U.S. Department of Education partnership, Monday, Sept. 23, 2024, at Wheatley Education Campus in Washington. Students engaged in NASA hands-on activities and an engineering design challenge.\u00a0<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">Credit: NASA\/Aubrey Gemignani<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/figure><\/div>\n<div class=\"display-block width-full\">\n<figure class=\"margin-0\">\n<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper hds-image-carousel-slide margin-bottom-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/im-moon-image.jpg?w=1024\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/im-moon-image.jpg 4034w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/im-moon-image.jpg?resize=300,225 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/im-moon-image.jpg?resize=768,576 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/im-moon-image.jpg?resize=1024,768 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/im-moon-image.jpg?resize=1536,1152 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/im-moon-image.jpg?resize=2048,1536 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/im-moon-image.jpg?resize=400,300 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/im-moon-image.jpg?resize=600,450 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/im-moon-image.jpg?resize=900,675 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/im-moon-image.jpg?resize=1200,900 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/im-moon-image.jpg?resize=2000,1500 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">On Feb. 22, 2024, Intuitive Machines\u2019 Odysseus lunar lander captures a wide field of view image of Schomberger crater on the Moon approximately 125 miles (200 km) uprange from the intended landing site, at approximately 6 miles (10 km) altitude.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">Credit: Intuitive Machines<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/figure><\/div>\n<div class=\"display-block width-full\">\n<figure class=\"margin-0\">\n<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper hds-image-carousel-slide margin-bottom-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ksc-20240227-ph-ilw01-0046large.jpg?w=1024\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Four astronauts walk down a ramp in their orange suits.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ksc-20240227-ph-ilw01-0046large.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ksc-20240227-ph-ilw01-0046large.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ksc-20240227-ph-ilw01-0046large.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ksc-20240227-ph-ilw01-0046large.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ksc-20240227-ph-ilw01-0046large.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ksc-20240227-ph-ilw01-0046large.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ksc-20240227-ph-ilw01-0046large.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ksc-20240227-ph-ilw01-0046large.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ksc-20240227-ph-ilw01-0046large.jpg?resize=1200,800 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">NASA\u2019s Artemis II crew members from left to right CSA (Canadian Space Agency) astronaut Jeremy Hansen, and NASA astronauts Christina Koch, Victor Glover, and Reid Wiseman walk in the well deck of the USS San Diego during Underway Recovery Test 11 (URT-11), as NASA\u2019s Exploration Ground System\u2019s Landing and Recovery team and partners from the Department of Defense aboard the ship practice recovery procedures using the Crew Module Test Article off the coast of San Diego, California on Tuesday, Feb. 27, 2024. URT-11 is the eleventh in a series of Artemis recovery tests, and the first time NASA and its partners put their Artemis II recovery procedures to the test with the astronauts.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">Credit: NASA\/Isaac Watson<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/figure><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-carousel-nav display-flex margin-left-auto margin-right-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<button class=\"hds-carousel-nav-arrow hds-carousel-arrow-prev\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg version=\"1.1\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"9px\" height=\"9px\" viewbox=\"0 0 9 9\"><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M3.5,4.5l3.7-3.6L6.3,0L1.8,4.5L6.3,9l0.9-0.9L3.5,4.5z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/button><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<button class=\"hds-carousel-nav-arrow hds-carousel-arrow-next margin-right-0\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"9px\" height=\"9px\" viewbox=\"0 0 9 9\"><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M5.5,4.5L1.8,8.1L2.7,9l4.5-4.5L2.7,0L1.8,0.9L5.5,4.5z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Observing, Learning About Earth<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>NASA collects data about our home planet from space and on land, helping understand how our climate on Earth is changing. Some of the agency\u2019s key accomplishments in Earth science this year include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>After launching into space in February, NASA\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-launches-new-climate-mission-to-study-ocean-atmosphere\/\">PACE<\/a> (Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem) satellite mission is successfully transmitting <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/earth\/nasas-pace-data-on-ocean-atmosphere-climate-now-available\/\">first-of-their-kind measurements<\/a> of ocean health, air quality, and the effects of a changing climate.<\/li>\n<li>Using the agency\u2019s TEMPO (Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution) instrument, NASA made available new <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/tempo\/nasa-releases-new-high-quality-near-real-time-air-quality-data\/\">near-real time data<\/a> providing air pollution observations at unprecedented resolutions \u2013 down to the scale of individual neighborhoods.<\/li>\n<li>Launched in May and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-launches-second-small-climate-satellite-to-study-earths-poles\/https:\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-launches-second-small-climate-satellite-to-study-earths-poles\/\">June<\/a>, NASA\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/prefire\/nasa-mission-gets-its-first-snapshot-of-polar-heat-emissions\/\">PREFIRE<\/a> (Polar Radiant Energy in the Far-Infrared Experiment) CubeSats started collecting data on the amount of heat in the form of far-infrared radiation that the Arctic and Antarctic environments emit to space.<\/li>\n<li>NASA rolled out the Disaster Response Coordination System, a <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/earth\/natural-disasters\/nasa-announces-new-system-to-aid-disaster-response\/\" rel=\"noopener\">new resource<\/a> that delivers <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/general\/nasa-activates-resources-to-help-assess-impacts-from-hurricane-milton\/#:~:text=NASA's%20Uninhabited%20Aerial%20Synthetic%20Aperture,satellite%20and%20aerial%20data%20collection.\">up-to-date information<\/a> on fires, earthquakes, landslides, floods, tornadoes, hurricanes, and other extreme events to emergency managers.<\/li>\n<li>The agency partnered with the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History to open the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-smithsonian-open-new-exhibit-to-showcase-our-dynamic-earth\/\">Earth Information Center<\/a> exhibit.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Exploring Our Solar System, Universe<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>NASA\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/liftoff-nasas-europa-clipper-sails-toward-ocean-moon-of-jupiter\/\">Europa Clipper<\/a> embarked Oct. 14 on its long voyage to Jupiter, where it will investigate Europa, a moon with an enormous subsurface ocean that may have conditions to support life. NASA collaborated with multiple partners on content and social media related to the launch, including engagements with the National Hockey League, U.S. Figure Skating, 7-Eleven, e.l.f., Girl Scouts, Crayola, Library of Congress, and others. NASA\u2019s 2024 space exploration milestones also include:\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>NASA\u2019s groundbreaking James Webb Space Telescope marked more than two years in space, transforming our view of the universe as designed, by studying the <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/missions\/webb\/webb-unlocks-secrets-of-one-of-the-most-distant-galaxies-ever-seen\/\" rel=\"noopener\">most distant galaxies<\/a> ever observed, while raising exciting new questions about the atmospheres of <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/missions\/webb\/nasas-webb-hints-at-possible-atmosphere-surrounding-rocky-exoplanet\/\" rel=\"noopener\">planets outside our solar system<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>As part of an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/johnson\/nasa-shares-asteroid-bennu-sample-in-exchange-with-jaxa\/\">asteroid sample exchange<\/a>, NASA officially transferred to JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) a portion of the asteroid Bennu sample collected by the agency\u2019s OSIRIS-Rex (Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security-Regolith Explorer) mission in a ceremony on Aug. 22.<\/li>\n<li>After surviving multiple challenges this year, NASA\u2019s Voyager mission <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/missions\/voyager-program\/still-kickin-since-the-70s-nasas-voyager-mission-keeps-exploring\/\" rel=\"noopener\">continues to collect data<\/a> on the furthest reaches of our Sun\u2019s influences. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>NASA selected a new space telescope for development that will survey ultraviolet light across the entire sky, called<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/new-nasa-mission-will-study-ultraviolet-sky-stars-stellar-explosions\/\"> UVEX (UltraViolet Explorer)<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>This year, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/roman-space-telescope\/telescope-for-nasas-roman-mission-complete-delivered-to-goddard\/\">all remaining major components<\/a> were delivered to NASA Goddard to begin the integration phase for the agency\u2019s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope.<\/li>\n<li>NASA<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/iss-research\/nicer\/repair-kit-for-nasas-nicer-mission-heading-to-space-station\/\" rel=\"noopener\"> developed, tested, and launched<\/a> the patch kit that astronauts will use to repair the agency\u2019s NICER (Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer) telescope on the International Space Station.<\/li>\n<li>The agency continued preparing the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jpl.nasa.gov\/missions\/spherex\/\" rel=\"noopener\">SPHEREx<\/a> (Spectro-Photometer for the History of the Universe, Epoch of Reionization and Ices Explorer) mission to launch by April 2025.<\/li>\n<li>To manage the maturation of technologies necessary to develop the <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/astrophysics\/programs\/habitable-worlds-observatory\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Habitable Worlds Observatory<\/a> telescope, NASA established a project office at NASA Goddard<strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>NASA and partners declared that the <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/science-research\/heliophysics\/nasa-noaa-sun-reaches-maximum-phase-in-11-year-solar-cycle\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Sun reached solar maximum<\/a> in 2024, a period of heightened solar activity when space weather becomes more frequent.<\/li>\n<li>The Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, a joint mission between ESA (European Space Agency) and NASA, <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/science-research\/heliophysics\/esa-nasa-solar-observatory-discovers-its-5000th-comet\/\" rel=\"noopener\">discovered its 5,000th comet<\/a> in March.<\/li>\n<li>NASA\u2019s Sounding Rocket Program provided low-cost access to space for scientific research, technology development, and educational missions. NASA launched 14 sounding rocket missions in 2024. Scientists <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/science-research\/heliophysics\/nasa-discovers-long-sought-global-electric-field-on-earth\/\" rel=\"noopener\">announced findings<\/a> from a sounding rocket launched in 2022 that confirmed the existence of a long-sought global electric field at Earth.<\/li>\n<li>The agency established a new class of astrophysics missions, called <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-establishes-new-class-of-astrophysics-missions-selects-studies\/\">Astrophysics Probe Explorers<\/a>, designed to fill a gap between NASA\u2019s flagship and smaller-scale missions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Living, Conducting Research in Space<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In 2024, a total of 25 people lived and worked aboard the International Space Station, helping to complete science for the benefit of humanity, open access to space to more people, and support exploration to the Moon in preparation for Mars. A total of 14 spacecraft visited the microgravity laboratory in 2024, including eight <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission_pages\/station\/structure\/launch\/index.html\">commercial resupply missions<\/a> from Northrop Grumman and SpaceX, as well as international partner missions, delivering more than 40,000 pounds of science investigations, tools, and critical supplies to the space station. NASA also helped safely return the uncrewed Boeing Starliner spacecraft to Earth, concluding a three-month flight test to the International Space Station. In addition:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>In March, NASA <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-opens-astronaut-applications-as-newest-class-graduates\/\">welcomed<\/a> its newest class of Artemis Generation astronauts in a graduation ceremony. The agency also sought new astronaut candidates, and more 8,000 people applied.<\/li>\n<li>NASA astronaut <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/people\/jasmin-moghbeli\/\">Jasmin Moghbeli<\/a>, ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut <a href=\"https:\/\/gcc02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.esa.int%2FScience_Exploration%2FHuman_and_Robotic_Exploration%2FAstronauts%2FAndreas_Mogensen&#038;data=05%7C02%7Cabigail.g.graf%40nasa.gov%7Ceea4246e4ef148eef01108dc41df3214%7C7005d45845be48ae8140d43da96dd17b%7C0%7C0%7C638457674088939409%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&#038;sdata=YSywap8qDsxIoznD3yJeEkgoUkqMUOGJd2p3POiJncs%3D&#038;reserved=0\" rel=\"noopener\">Andreas Mogensen<\/a>, and JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) astronaut <a href=\"https:\/\/gcc02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fhumans-in-space.jaxa.jp%2Fen%2Fastronaut%2Ffurukawa-satoshi%2F&#038;data=05%7C02%7Cabigail.g.graf%40nasa.gov%7Ceea4246e4ef148eef01108dc41df3214%7C7005d45845be48ae8140d43da96dd17b%7C0%7C0%7C638457674088948999%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&#038;sdata=Mo3LjkPtgHsK0fbu0t9MfcPrsnpFIdsLG08NIzwRnZ4%3D&#038;reserved=0\" rel=\"noopener\">Satoshi Furukawa<\/a> returned to Earth at the conclusion of NASA\u2019s SpaceX <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/splashdown-nasas-spacex-crew-7-finishes-mission-returns-to-earth\/#:~:text=The%20international%20crew%20of%20four,at%205%3A47%20a.m.%20EDT.\">Crew-7 mission<\/a> aboard the International Space Station. The three crew members, along with Roscosmos cosmonaut Konstantin Borisov, splashed down in March off the coast of Pensacola, Florida, completing a six-and-a-half-month mission contributing to hundreds of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/iss-research\/nasas-spacex-crew-7-completes-scientific-mission-on-space-station\/\">experiments and technology<\/a> demonstrations.<\/li>\n<li>In June, NASA astronauts Butch Wilmore and Suni Williams safely arrived at the space station aboard Boeing\u2019s Starliner spacecraft following <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/liftoff-nasa-astronauts-pilot-first-starliner-crewed-test-to-station\/\">launch<\/a> of their flight test. With Starliner\u2019s arrival, it was the first time in station history three different spacecraft that carried crew to station were docked at the same time. Starliner <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-boeing-welcome-starliner-spacecraft-to-earth-close-mission\/#:~:text=NASA%20and%20Boeing%20safely%20returned,to%20the%20International%20Space%20Station.\">returned<\/a> uncrewed in September following a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-decides-to-bring-starliner-spacecraft-back-to-earth-without-crew\/\">decision by NASA<\/a>. Wilmore and Williams, now serving as part of the agency\u2019s Crew-9 mission, will return to Earth in February 2025.<\/li>\n<li>NASA astronaut Don Pettit, accompanied by Roscosmos cosmonauts Alexey Ovchinin and Ivan Vagner, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-astronaut-don-pettit-crewmates-arrive-at-space-station\/\">arrived<\/a> at the orbital laboratory in September to begin a six-month mission.<\/li>\n<li>Completing a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-astronaut-tracy-c-dyson-crewmates-return-from-space-station\/\">six-month research mission<\/a> in September, NASA astronaut Tracy C. Dyson returned to Earth with Roscosmos cosmonauts Oleg Kononenko and Nikolai Chub aboard the Soyuz MS-25 spacecraft.<\/li>\n<li>NASA astronaut Nick Hague and Roscosmos cosmonaut Aleksandr Gorbunov <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/liftoff-nasas-spacex-crew-9-launches-to-international-space-station\/\">launched<\/a> on the agency\u2019s SpaceX Crew-9 mission to the space station.<\/li>\n<li>Concluding a nearly eight-month science mission, NASA\u2019s SpaceX Crew-8 mission safely <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/back-on-earth-nasas-spacex-crew-8-mission-splashes-down-off-florida\/\">returned<\/a> to Earth, splashing down on Oct. 25, off the coast of Pensacola, Florida.<\/li>\n<li>NASA and Axiom Space <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.nasa.gov\/spacestation\/2024\/02\/07\/ax-3-astronauts-undock-in-dragon-from-station-for-earth-return\/\" rel=\"noopener\">successfully completed<\/a> the third private astronaut mission to the space station in February, following an 18-day mission, where the crew conducted 30 experiments, public outreach, and commercial activities in microgravity.<\/li>\n<li>The agency announced SpaceX was <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-selects-international-space-station-us-deorbit-vehicle\/\">selected<\/a> to develop and deliver the U.S. Deorbit Vehicle, which will safely move the space station out of orbit and into a remote area of an ocean at the end of its operations.<\/li>\n<li>NASA and SpaceX <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.nasa.gov\/spacestation\/2024\/11\/08\/dragon-spacecraft-boosts-station-for-first-time\/\" rel=\"noopener\">monitored operations<\/a> as the company\u2019s Dragon spacecraft performed its first demonstration of reboost capabilities for the space station.<\/li>\n<li>NASA concluded the final mission of its Spacecraft Fire Safety Experiment, or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/glenn\/flame-burns-out-on-nasas-long-running-spacecraft-fire-experiment\/\">Saffire<\/a>, putting a blazing end to an eight-year series of investigations looking at \u00a0fire\u2019s behavior in space.<\/li>\n<li>A <a href=\"https:\/\/images.nasa.gov\/details\/iss070e097708\" rel=\"noopener\">robotic surgical tool<\/a> aboard space station was successfully <a href=\"https:\/\/images.nasa.gov\/details\/jsc2024e041212\" rel=\"noopener\">controlled remotely<\/a> by surgeons on Earth. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission\/station\/research-explorer\/investigation\/?#id=8874\">Robotic Surgery Tech Demo<\/a> tested the performance of a small robot to evaluate the effects of microgravity and time delays between space and ground.<\/li>\n<li>The first successful metal 3D print was conducted aboard the space station, depositing a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2024\/06\/First_metal_3D_printing_on_Space_Station\" rel=\"noopener\">small s-curve<\/a> in liquified stainless steel for the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission\/station\/research-explorer\/investigation\/?#id=8707\">Metal 3D Printer<\/a> investigation to test additive manufacturing of small metal parts in microgravity for equipment maintenance on future long-duration missions.<\/li>\n<li>In 2024, 17 NASA <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/biological-physical\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Biological and Physical Science<\/a> research payloads were delivered to the orbital laboratory, spanning quantum, plant biology, and physical sciences investigations.<\/li>\n<li>More than 825,000 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission\/station\/research-explorer\/investigation\/?#id=84\">photos<\/a> of Earth were taken from the space station in 2024 so far, contributing to research tracking how our planet\u2019s landscapes are changing over time. Expedition 71 produced more than 630,000 images, the most taken during a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission\/expedition-71\/\">single mission<\/a>. In total, more than 5.3 million photos have been taken from the space station, providing imagery for urban light studies, studies of lightning flashes, and 14 natural disaster events in 2024 alone.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Imagining Future Flight<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>NASA researchers worked to advance innovations that will transform U.S. aviation, furthering the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeroresearch\/sustainable-aviation-np\/\">Sustainable Flight National Partnership<\/a> and other efforts to help the country reach net zero carbon emissions by 2050. NASA also unveiled its X-59 quiet supersonic aircraft, the centerpiece of its Quesst mission to make quiet overland supersonic flight a reality. NASA aeronautics initiatives also worked to bring air taxis, delivery drones, and other revolutionary technology closer to deployment to benefit the U.S. public and industry. Over the past year, the agency:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Began testing the quiet supersonic X-59\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/x-59-fires-up-its-engine-for-first-time-on-its-way-to-takeoff\/\">engine<\/a> ahead of its first flight.<\/li>\n<li>Made further progress in research areas of Quesst mission, including ground recording station <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/armstrong\/nasa-instruments-will-listen-for-supersonic-x-59s-quiet-thump\/\">testing<\/a> and advancement and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/nasas-x-59-progresses-through-tests-on-the-path-to-flight\/\">structural tests<\/a> on the aircraft.<\/li>\n<li>Publicly <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-lockheed-martin-reveal-x-59-quiet-supersonic-aircraft\/\">unveiled the X-59 in January<\/a>, providing the first look at this unique aircraft.<\/li>\n<li>Tested a wind-tunnel model of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/image-article\/nasas-x-66-sustainable-aircraft-model-sails-through-first-wind-tests\/\">X-66<\/a>, an experimental aircraft designed to reduce the carbon footprint.<\/li>\n<li>Began building the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/image-article\/boneyard-airplane-sees-new-life-as-a-nasa-x-66-simulator\/\">X-66 simulator<\/a> that will allow pilots and engineers to run real-life scenarios in a safe environment.<\/li>\n<li>Funded <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/armd\/nasa-funds-new-studies-looking-at-future-of-sustainable-aircraft\/\">new studies<\/a> looking at the future of sustainable aircraft for the 2050 timeframe and beyond.<\/li>\n<li>Built a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/armstrong\/nasa-prepares-for-air-taxi-passenger-comfort-studies\/\">new simulator<\/a> to study how passengers may experience air taxi rides. The results will help designers create new aircraft types with passenger comfort in mind.<\/li>\n<li>Developed a computer software tool called <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/armstrong\/nasa-noise-prediction-tool-supports-users-in-air-taxi-industry\/\">OVERFLOW<\/a> to predict aircraft noise and aerodynamic performance. This tool is now being used by several air taxi manufacturers to test how propellers or wings perform.<\/li>\n<li>In collaboration with Sikorsky and DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/armstrong\/nasa-autonomous-flight-software-successfully-used-in-air-taxi-stand-ins\/\">flew two helicopters autonomously<\/a> using NASA-designed collision avoidance software.<\/li>\n<li>Designed and flew a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/image-article\/nasa-armstrong-builds-sensor-pod-for-autonomous-flight\/\">camera pod with sensors<\/a> to help advance computer vision for autonomous aviation.<\/li>\n<li>Launched a new science, technology, engineering, and mathematics kit focused on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/advanced-air-mobility-aam-stem-toolkit\/\">Advanced Air Mobility<\/a> so students can learn more about air taxis and drones.<\/li>\n<li>Continued to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/digital-information-platform-could-help-improve-air-traffic\/\">reduce traffic and save fuel<\/a> at major U.S. airports as part of NASA\u2019s to work to improve air travel and make it more sustainable.<\/li>\n<li>Worked with partners to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/new-class-e-air-traffic-management-demoed\/\">demonstrate<\/a> a first-of-its-kind air traffic management concept for aircraft to safely operate at higher altitudes.<\/li>\n<li>Advanced <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/nasa-ge-hybrid-electric-research-092024\/\">Hybrid-Electric technologies<\/a> with GE Aerospace under the Hybrid Thermally Efficient Core project.<\/li>\n<li>Conducted <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/nasa-magnix-test-hybrid-electric-planes\/\">new ground and flight tests<\/a> for the Electrified Powertrain Flight Demonstration project, which works to create hybrid electric powertrains for regional and single-aisle aircraft, alongside GE Aerospace and magniX.<\/li>\n<li>Collaborated with the Federal Aviation Administration and police and fire departments <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/image-article\/nasa-seeks-safety-input-for-drones\/\">to strategize on integrating public safety drones<\/a> into the national airspace.<\/li>\n<li>Launched a new <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/advanced-air-mobility-aam-stem-toolkit\/\">science, technology, engineering, and mathematics kit focused on Advanced Air Mobility<\/a> so students can learn more about air taxis and drones.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Improving Life on Earth, in Space with Technology<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>NASA develops essential technologies to drive exploration and the space economy. In 2024, NASA leveraged partnerships to advance technologies and test new capabilities to help the agency develop a sustainable presence on the lunar surface and beyond, while benefiting life on our home planet and in low Earth orbit. The following are 2024 space technology advancements:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Deployed NASA\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission\/acs3\/\">Advanced Composite Solar Sail System <\/a>in space, marking a successful test of its composite boom technology.<\/li>\n<li>Performed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/stmd\/tech-demo-missions-program\/deep-space-optical-communications-dsoc\/nasas-laser-comms-demo-makes-deep-space-record-completes-first-phase\/\">record-breaking laser communications<\/a> with NASA\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission\/deep-space-optical-communications-dsoc\/\">Deep Space Optical Communications<\/a> technology demonstration by sending a laser signal from Earth to NASA\u2019s Psyche spacecraft about 290 million miles away.\n<ul>\n<li>NASA\u2019s Advanced Composite Solar Sail System and Deep Space Optical Communications were named among <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/general\/nasa-technologies-named-among-time-inventions-of-2024\/\">TIME\u2019s Inventions of 2024<\/a>, along with the agency\u2019s Europa Clipper spacecraft.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Supported 84 tests of technology payloads via 38 flights with six U.S. commercial flight providers through <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/stmd-flight-opportunities\/\">NASA\u2019s Flight Opportunities Program<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Enabled the first <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/stmd\/first-nasa-supported-researcher-to-fly-on-suborbital-rocket\/\">NASA-supported researcher<\/a> to fly with their payload aboard a commercial suborbital rocket.<\/li>\n<li>Advanced critical capabilities for autonomous networks of small spacecraft with NASA\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/stmd\/swarming-for-success-starling-completes-primary-mission\/\">Starling<\/a> demonstration, the first satellite swarm to autonomously distribute information and operations data between spacecraft.<\/li>\n<li>Demonstrated <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/glenn\/nasa-tests-new-spacecraft-propellant-gauge-on-lunar-lander\/\">space-age fuel gauge technology<\/a>, known as a Radio Frequency Mass Gauge, on Intuitive Machines\u2019 Nova-C lunar lander, to develop technology to accurately measure spacecraft fuel levels.<\/li>\n<li>Performed an in-space tank to tank <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/esdmd\/artemis-campaign-development-division\/human-landing-system-program\/nasa-artemis-mission-progresses-with-spacex-starship-test-flight\/\">transfer of cryogenic propellent<\/a> (liquid oxygen) on the third flight test of SpaceX\u2019s Starship.<\/li>\n<li>Licensed a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/glenn\/nasa-licenses-3d-printable-superalloy-to-benefit-us-economy\/\">new 3-D printed superalloy<\/a>, dubbed GRX-810, to four American companies to make stronger, more durable airplane and spacecraft parts.<\/li>\n<li>Manufactured 3D-printed, liquid oxygen\/hydrogen thrust chamber hardware as part of NASA\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/marshall\/nasa-additive-manufacturing-project-shapes-future-for-agency-industry-rocket-makers\/\">Rapid Analysis and Manufacturing Propulsion Technology<\/a> project, which earned the agency\u2019s 2024 \u201cInvention of The Year\u201d award for its contributions to NASA and commercial industry\u2019s deep space exploration goals.<\/li>\n<li>Pioneered quantum discovery using the <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/cold-atom-laboratory\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Cold Atom Lab<\/a>, including producing the first dual-species Bose-Einstein Condensates in space, the first dual-species atom interferometers in space, and demonstrating the first ultra-cool quantum sensor for the first time in space.<\/li>\n<li>Announced two new consortia to carry out ground-based research investigations and conduct activities for NASA\u2019s Biological and Physical Sciences <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/biological-physical\/programs\/space-biology\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Space Biology Program<\/a>, totaling $5 million.<\/li>\n<li>Awarded $4.25 million across the finales of three major NASA Centennial Challenges, including <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/general\/california-teams-win-1-5-million-in-nasas-break-the-ice-lunar-challenge\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Break the Ice<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-awards-1-5-million-at-watts-on-the-moon-challenge-finale\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Watts on the Moon<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-awards-1-25-million-to-three-teams-at-deep-space-food-finale\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Deep Space Food<\/a> to support NASA\u2019s Artemis missions and future journeys into deep space.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Launched a collaborative process to capture the aerospace community\u2019s most pervasive technical challenges, resulting in a ranked list of 187 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/spacetechpriorities\/\">civil space shortfalls<\/a> to help guide future technology development projects, investments, and technology roadmaps.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Growing Global Partnerships<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Through the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/artemis-accords\/\">Artemis Accords<\/a>, almost 50 nations have joined the United States, led by NASA with the U.S. State Department, in a voluntary commitment to engage in the safe, transparent, and responsible exploration of the Moon, Mars, and beyond. The Artemis Accords represent a robust and diverse group of nation states, representing all regions of the world, working together for the safe, transparent, and responsible exploration of the Moon, Mars and beyond with NASA. More countries are expected to sign the Artemis Accords in the weeks and months ahead.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>During a May workshop with Artemis Accords signatories in Montreal, Canada, NASA led a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-engages-in-artemis-accords-workshop-to-advance-exploration\/\">tabletop exercise<\/a> for 24 countries centered on further defining and implementing key tenets, including considering views on non-interference, interoperability, and scientific data sharing among nations.<\/li>\n<li>A NASA delegation participated in the 75th International Astronautical Congress in Milan. During the congress, NASA co-chaired the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-artemis-accords-signatories-progress-on-sustainable-exploration\/\">Artemis Accords Principals\u2019 Meeting<\/a>, which brought together 42 nations furthering discussions on the safe and responsible use of space for the benefit of all.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Celebrating Total Solar Eclipse<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>During the total solar eclipse on April 8, NASA helped the nation enjoy the event safely and engaged millions of people with in-person events, live online coverage, and citizen science opportunities. NASA also funded scientists around North America to take advantage of this unique position of the Sun, Moon, and Earth to learn more about the Sun and its connection to our home planet. Highlights of the solar celebration include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The space station <a href=\"https:\/\/images.nasa.gov\/details\/iss070e129908\" rel=\"noopener\">crew<\/a> were among the millions viewing the <a href=\"https:\/\/images.nasa.gov\/details\/iss071e002903\" rel=\"noopener\">solar eclipse<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>NASA <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/science-research\/heliophysics\/2024-eclipse-partnerships\/\">collaborated<\/a> with the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, Google, NCAA Women\u2019s Final Four, Peanuts Worldwide, Microsoft, S\u00e9samo, LEGO, Barbie, Major League Baseball, Third Rock Radio, Discovery Education, and others on eclipse-inspired products and social posts to support awareness of the eclipse and the importance of safe viewing.<\/li>\n<li>More than 50 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/learning-resources\/eclipses-create-atmospheric-gravity-waves\/\">student teams<\/a> participated in NASA\u2019s Nationwide Eclipse Ballooning Project, with some becoming the first to measure atmospheric gravity waves caused by eclipses.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Building Low Earth Orbit Economy<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In August, NASA <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-invites-public-input-on-low-earth-orbit-microgravity-strategy\/\">announced <\/a>the development of its low Earth orbit microgravity strategy by releasing 42 objectives for stakeholder feedback. The strategy helps to guide the next generation of human presence in low Earth orbit and advance microgravity science, technology, and exploration. NASA is refining the objectives with collected input and will finalize the strategy before the end of the year. Additional advancements include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>NASA modified agreements for two funded commercial space station partners that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/commercial-space\/leo-economy\/nasa-adjusts-agreements-to-benefit-commercial-station-development\/\">are on track<\/a> to develop low Earth orbit destinations for the agency and other customers.<\/li>\n<li>A NASA-funded commercial space station, Blue Origin\u2019s Orbital Reef, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/commercial-space\/nasa-sees-progress-on-blue-origins-orbital-reef-life-support-system\/\">completed multiple testing milestones<\/a> for its critical life support system as part of the agency\u2019s efforts for new destinations in low Earth orbit.<\/li>\n<li>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/commercial-space\/leo-economy\/nasa-supports-burst-test-for-orbital-reef-commercial-space-station\/\">full-scale ultimate burst pressure test<\/a> on Sierra Space\u2019s LIFE (Large Integrated Flexible Environment) habitat structure was conducted,\u00a0an element of a NASA-funded commercial space station.<\/li>\n<li>The agency\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/general\/nasas-commercial-partners-make-progress-on-low-earth-orbit-projects\/\">industry partners<\/a>, through the second Collaborations for Commercial Space Capabilities initiative and Small Business Innovation Research Ignite initiative, completed safety milestones, successful flight tests, and major technological advancements.<\/li>\n<li>As NASA opens access to space by working with private industry, the agency shared its medical expertise, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/commercial-space\/leo-economy\/nasa-shares-lessons-human-systems-integration\/\">human system integration knowledge<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/commercial-space\/leo-economy\/nasa-shares-use-requirements-with-commercial-destination-partners\/\">utilization requirements<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/commercial-space\/leo-economy\/nasa-shares-space-food-insight-with-commercial-food-industry\/\">commercial space food insight<\/a> to aid in developing safe, reliable, innovative, and cost-effective space stations.<\/li>\n<li>To address a rapidly changing space operating environment and ensure its preservation for generations to come, NASA released its integrated\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/nasa-space-sustainability-strategy-march-20-2024-tagged3.pdf?emrc=67537dec2ae4a\">Space Sustainability Strategy<\/a>\u00a0in April.<\/li>\n<li>The agency tested the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/glenn\/first-look-spaceplane-stacked-and-shaken-at-nasa-test-facility\/\">Sierra Space Dream Chaser<\/a> spaceplane for the extreme environments of space at NASA\u2019s Neil Armstrong Test Facility in Sandusky, Ohio.<\/li>\n<li>NASA\u2019s Glenn Research Center in Cleveland <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/glenn\/nasa-streams-first-4k-video-from-aircraft-to-space-station-back\/\">streamed 4K video footage<\/a> from an aircraft to the space station and back for the first time using optical, or laser, communications.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Inspiring Artemis Generation of STEM Students<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>NASA continues to offer a wide range of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) initiatives and activities, reaching and engaging the next generation of scientists, engineers, and explorers. The agency\u2019s STEM engagements are enhanced through collaborations with partner organizations, the distribution of various grants, and additional strategic activities. Key 2024 STEM highlights include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Awarded nearly $45 million to 21 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-awards-expand-research-capabilities-at-institutions-nationwide\/\">higher-education institutions<\/a> to help build capacity for research, and announced the recipients of grants that will support scientific and technical <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-awards-university-research-projects-to-support-agency-missions\/\">research projects<\/a> for more than 20 universities and organizations across the United States.<\/li>\n<li>Planted a \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/image-article\/moon-tree-dedication-with-artemis-ii-crew\/\">Moon Tree<\/a>,\u201d a seedling that traveled around the Moon and back aboard the agency\u2019s Artemis I mission in 2022, at the U.S. Capitol in Washington. The event highlighted a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-finds-new-homes-for-artemis-generation-of-moon-trees-across-us\/\">partnership<\/a> with the U.S. Forest Service that invited organizations across the country to host the seedlings.<\/li>\n<li>Partnered with Microsoft\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/learning-resources\/new-minecraft-game\/\">Minecraft<\/a> to engage students in a game-based learning platform, where players can experience NASA\u2019s discoveries with interactive modules on star formation, planets, and galaxy types, modeled using real James Webb Space Telescope images.<\/li>\n<li>Collaborate with the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-us-department-of-education-bring-stem-to-after-school-programs\/\">U.S. Department of Education<\/a> to bring STEM to students during after-school hours under the 21st Century Community Learning Centers program, which aims to reach thousands of students in more than 60 sites across 10 states.<\/li>\n<li>Launched <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-engagement-platform-brings-experts-to-classrooms-communities\/\">NASA Engages<\/a>, a platform to connect and serve the public by providing agency experts to share their experiences working on agency missions and programs.<\/li>\n<li>With more than 55,000 applications for NASA internships across the spring, summer and fall sessions, a new recruitment record, NASA helped <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/learning-resources\/launch-your-career\/\">students and early-career professionals<\/a> make real contributions to space and science missions.<\/li>\n<li>Expanded the agency\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/learning-resources\/nasa-awards-for-stem-learning\/\">program<\/a> to help informal educational institutions like museums, science centers, libraries, and other community organizations bring STEM content to communities, resulting in 42 active awards across 26 states and Puerto Rico.<\/li>\n<li>Hosted the 30th <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-announces-30th-human-exploration-rover-challenge-winners\/\">Human Exploration Rover Challenge<\/a>, one of NASA\u2019s longest-standing student challenges, with participation from more than 600 students and 72 teams from around the world.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Reaching New, Future Explorers<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>NASA\u2019s future-forward outreach to current and new audiences is key to providing accessibility to the agency\u2019s scientific discoveries and to growing the future STEM workforce. NASA\u2019s creative and inclusive 2024 strategies to reach the public include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>NASA\u2019s on-demand streaming service, <a href=\"https:\/\/plus.nasa.gov\/\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA+<\/a>, achieved four times the viewership of the agency\u2019s traditional cable channel, marking a major milestone in its ongoing web modernization efforts. As part of the digital transformation, NASA said goodbye to NASA Television, its over-the-air broadcast, streamlining how it delivers the latest space, science, and technology news. NASA+ marked its first year of operation Sept. 23, and visitors have played 1,036,389 hours of programming.<\/li>\n<li>April 8, the day of the total solar eclipse, brought in 32 million views to NASA\u2019s websites, more than 15 times additional views than the average this year. On average, NASA websites receive 33.4 million views every month.<\/li>\n<li>NASA <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/social-media\/\">social media accounts<\/a> saw an increase of 4% in followers since 2023, from 391.2 million in 2023 to 406.8 million this year. On average, NASA accounts see close to 25 million engagements each month.\n<ul>\n<li>Notable live social media events in 2024 included the first-ever Reddit Ask Me Anything with the platform\u2019s 23-million member \u201cExplain Like I\u2019m Five\u201d community; the first X Spaces conversation from space; and NASA\u2019s first Instagram Live of a launch, which contributed 410,000 of the 6.6 million views of the Boeing Starliner Crew Flight Test launch.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>NASA Twitch launched custom emotes, issued channel points for the first time, and collaborated with an external Twitch creator, a how-to conversation with astrophotographers and NASA experts about photographing the Moon.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>NASA aired live broadcasts for 14 mission launches in 2024. The agency\u2019s official broadcast of the 2024 total solar eclipse and its telescope feed are the top two most-watched livestreams this year on NASA\u2019s YouTube.\n<ul>\n<li>The agency\u2019s YouTube livestreams in 2024 surpassed 84.7 million total views.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>NASA broadcasts often were enhanced by the presence of well-known athletes, artists, and cultural figures. The solar eclipse broadcast alone featured musician Lance Bass, actor Scarlett Johannson, NFL quarterback Josh Dobbs, and Snoopy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The agency\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/podcasts\/\">podcasts<\/a> surpassed 9.7 million all-time plays on Apple Podcasts and Spotify.<\/li>\n<li>The NASA <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/apps\/\">app<\/a> was installed more than 2.1 million times in 2024. \u00a0<\/li>\n<li>The number of subscribers to NASA\u2019s flagship and Spanish <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/newsletters\/\">newsletters<\/a> total more than 5 million.<\/li>\n<li>NASA celebrated the 5th anniversary of the Hidden Figures Way street renaming. The program honored the legacy of Katherine Johnson, Dorothy Vaughan, Mary Jackson, and Christine M. Darden, and others who were featured in Margot Shetterly\u2019s book \u2013 and the subsequent movie \u2013 Hidden Figures, and their commitment to science, justice, and humanity.<\/li>\n<li>The agency signed Space Act agreements with the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/learning-resources\/nasa-naacp-partner-to-advance-diversity-inclusion-in-stem-fields\/#:~:text=During%20an%20event%20Thursday%2C%20NASA,access%20to%20agency%20activities%20and\">National Association for the Advancement of Colored People<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/general\/nasa-continues-advancing-stem-for-students-through-new-partnership\/#:~:text=During%20an%20event%20at%20NASA,to%20agency%20activities%20and%20opportunities.\">Hispanic Heritage Foundation<\/a> to increase engagement and equity for underrepresented students pursuing STEM fields and reduce barriers to agency activities and opportunities.<\/li>\n<li>As part of its plans to reach new audiences, NASA continued to focus on developing Spanish-language content. This year, the agency:\n<ul>\n<li>Launched its second season of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasas-spanish-language-podcast-returns-for-new-season\/\">Spanish-language podcast<\/a> Universo curioso de la NASA.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>More than doubled the number of yearly posts to its science-focused website in Spanish, <a href=\"https:\/\/ciencia.nasa.gov\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Ciencia de la NASA<\/a>, and grew the website\u2019s traffic by five-fold.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Produced live broadcasts for the 2024 total solar eclipse and for the launch of the Europa Clipper mission, which reached a combined audience of more than 5 million viewers around the world.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Published a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=_2p62UrGmD8\" rel=\"noopener\">video<\/a> about how NASA and ESA (European Space Agency) cooperate to train astronauts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Released an astrobiology <a href=\"https:\/\/astrobiology.nasa.gov\/resources\/graphic-histories\/\" rel=\"noopener\">graphic novel<\/a> and the agency\u2019s economic impact yearly report in Spanish, among other outreach materials.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Relaunched the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/general\/nasa-relaunches-art-program-with-space-themed-murals\/\">NASA Art Program<\/a> with two space-themed murals in New York\u2019s Hudson Square neighborhood in Manhattan. The vision of the reimagined NASA Art Program is to inspire and engage the Artemis Generation with community murals and art projects for the benefit of humanity.<\/li>\n<li>A DC-8 Airborne Science Laboratory Workshop documented and celebrated the important scientific work conducted aboard NASA\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/contributions-of-the-dc-8-to-earth-system-science-at-nasa-a-workshop\/\">legendary DC-8<\/a> and captured lessons of the past for current and future operators.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>The Deep Space Network <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/general\/nasa-transmits-hip-hop-song-to-deep-space-for-first-time\/\">beamed<\/a> a Missy Elliott song to space on July 12.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>NASA partnered with Crayola Education to develop content for Crayola\u2019s annual Creativity Week held in January, which reached more than 6 million kids from 100 countries.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>On the eve of the 55th anniversary of the Apollo 11 Moon landing, NASA Johnson <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/johnson\/nasa-johnson-dedicates-dorothy-vaughan-center-to-women-of-apollo\/\">named<\/a> one of its central buildings the \u201cDorothy Vaughan Center in Honor of the Women of Apollo.\u201d Actress Octavia Spencer narrated a video for the event.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>NASA\u2019s Ames Research Center in California\u2019s Silicon Valley hosted social media creators in space, science, and engineering for a behind-the-scenes tour of the center\u2019s world-class facilities.<\/li>\n<li>Engaging largely untapped NASA audiences of more than 155,000 in Illinois, Michigan, and Minnesota, NASA\u2019s Glenn launched NASA in the Midwest, an integrated approach to bring awareness to the agency\u2019s connections to the region to large-scale festivals and surrounding community institutions.<\/li>\n<li>Reaching 500,000 in-person attendees, NASA Stennis supported the agency\u2019s return to the ESSENCE Festival of Culture in New Orleans.<\/li>\n<li>NASA\u2019s Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia developed a dance engagement program in partnership with the Eastern Shore Ballet Theatre, introducing new audiences to the agency while blending arts and science.<\/li>\n<li>NASA participated in more than 3,700 events planned with an estimated reach of more than 17 million worldwide. This was accomplished through in-person, hybrid, and virtual outreach activities and events.<\/li>\n<li>The agency\u2019s Virtual Guest Program engaged 277,370 virtual guests across 13 events, with an average of 145 countries, regions, and territories represented per event.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>There also were many notable engagements highlighting the intersection of space and sports in 2024, including the Stanley Cup visiting NASA Kennedy for photographs as part of the agency\u2019s growing partnership with the National Hockey League. NASA Glenn also collaborated with The Ohio State University Marching Band for its halftime show during the university\u2019s football game on Sept. 21. A video greeting from astronauts aboard the International Space Station introduced <a href=\"https:\/\/gcc02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Drd9xj1keYQM&#038;data=05%7C02%7Cchristopher.a.hartenstine%40nasa.gov%7Cf7ca05bd23d64950ff8c08dd04d29cb7%7C7005d45845be48ae8140d43da96dd17b%7C0%7C0%7C638672024797306815%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJFbXB0eU1hcGkiOnRydWUsIlYiOiIwLjAuMDAwMCIsIlAiOiJXaW4zMiIsIkFOIjoiTWFpbCIsIldUIjoyfQ%3D%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&#038;sdata=f26vqZMiOVJ9WvelBue7ThwQ8WOhScZdqqd3XnA1FPg%3D&#038;reserved=0\" rel=\"noopener\">the show<\/a>, which featured aerospace-themed music and numerous formations including the final formation the NASA Meatball.<\/p>\n<p>For more about NASA\u2019s missions, research, and discoveries, visit:<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/\">https:\/\/www.nasa.gov<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">-end-<\/p>\n<p>Meira Bernstein \/ Cheryl Warner<br \/>Headquarters, Washington<br \/>202-358-1600<br \/><a href=\"mailto:meira.b.bernstein@nasa.gov\">meira.b.bernstein@nasa.gov<\/a> \/ <a href=\"mailto:cheryl.m.warner@nasa.gov\">cheryl.m.warner@nasa.gov<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"nasa-gb-align-full width-full maxw-full padding-x-3 padding-y-0 article_a hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-credits-and-details\">\n<section class=\"padding-x-0 padding-top-5 padding-bottom-2 desktop:padding-top-7 desktop:padding-bottom-9\">\n<div class=\"grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-0\">\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-2 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n<div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n<h2 class=\"heading-14\">Share<\/h2>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"padding-bottom-2\">\n<ul class=\"social-icons social-icons-round\">\n<li class=\"social-icon social-icon-x\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a 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2.48-2.5s2.48 1.12 2.48 2.5zm.02 4.5h-5v16h5v-16zm7.982 0h-4.968v16h4.969v-8.399c0-4.67 6.029-5.052 6.029 0v8.399h4.988v-10.131c0-7.88-8.922-7.593-11.018-3.714v-2.155z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"social-icon social-icon-rss\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/feed\/\" aria-label=\"Subscribe to RSS feed.\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 800 800\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M493 652H392c0-134-111-244-244-244V307c189 0 345 156 345 345zm71 0c0-228-188-416-416-416V132c285 0 520 235 520 520z\"><\/path><circle cx=\"219\" cy=\"581\" r=\"71\"><\/circle><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n<div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n<h2 class=\"heading-14\">Details<\/h2>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-row margin-bottom-3\">\n<div class=\"grid-col-4\">\n<div class=\"subheading\">Last Updated<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-8\">Dec 06, 2024<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-row margin-bottom-3\">\n<div class=\"grid-col-4\">\n<div class=\"subheading\">Editor<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-8\">Jessica Taveau<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-row\">\n<div class=\"grid-col-4\">\n<div class=\"subheading\">Location<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-8\"><a class=\"hds-location-tag-name\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/nasa-headquarters\/\"><span class=\"hds-meta-heading\">NASA Headquarters<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n<div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black \">\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n<h2 class=\"heading-14\">Related Terms<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"article-tags\">\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/general\/\">General<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/\">Aeronautics<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics-research-mission-directorate\/\">Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/artemis\/\">Artemis<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/organizations\/oiir\/artemis-accords\/\">Artemis Accords<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/commercial-space\/commercial-crew-program\/commercial-crew-program-overview\/\">Commercial Crew<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/commercial-space\/\">Commercial Space<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/earth\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Earth<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/exploration-systems-development-mission-directorate\/\">Exploration Systems Development Mission Directorate<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/\">Humans in Space<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/international-space-station\/\">International Space Station (ISS)<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/international-space-station\/space-station-research-and-technology\/\">ISS Research<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/leo-economy\">Low Earth Orbit Economy<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/nasa-centers-and-facilities\/\">NASA Centers &#038; Facilities<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/nasa-directorates\/\">NASA Directorates<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/es\/\">NASA en espa\u00f1ol<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/organizations\/oiir\/\">Office of International and Interagency Relations (OIIR)<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/people-of-nasa\/\">People of NASA<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Science &#038; Research<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/about-us\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Science Mission Directorate<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/social-media\/\">Social Media<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/space-operations\/\">Space Operations Mission Directorate<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/space-technology-mission-directorate\/\">Space Technology Mission Directorate<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/learning-resources\/stem-engagement-at-nasa\/\">STEM Engagement at NASA<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/solar-system\/\" rel=\"noopener\">The Solar System<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/universe\/\" rel=\"noopener\">The Universe<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/section><\/div>\n<p class=\"wpematico_credit\"><small>Powered by <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wpematico.com\" target=\"_blank\">WPeMatico<\/a><\/small><\/p>\n<p><a  href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-accelerates-space-exploration-earth-science-for-all-in-2024\/\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Get The Details&#8230;<\/a><br \/>\nJessica Taveau  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>With a look back at 2024, NASA is celebrating its many innovative and inspiring accomplishments this year including 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