{"id":11500,"date":"2024-07-18T18:07:11","date_gmt":"2024-07-18T22:07:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zobi.alcowep.com\/bourtagshdrevxnls658739\/the-earth-observer-editors-corner-summer-2024\/"},"modified":"2024-07-18T18:07:11","modified_gmt":"2024-07-18T22:07:11","slug":"the-earth-observer-editors-corner-summer-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zobi.alcowep.com\/bourtagshdrevxnls658739\/the-earth-observer-editors-corner-summer-2024\/","title":{"rendered":"The Earth Observer Editor\u2019s Corner: Summer 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">The Earth Observer Editor\u2019s Corner: Summer 2024<\/h2>\n<p><!-- no image --><\/p>\n<div class=\" hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-secondary-navigation\">\n<div class=\"hds-secondary-navigation-wrapper z-top width-100 padding-0\">\n<div class=\"hds-secondary-navigation width-full border-bottom-1px text-center hds-color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full 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rel=\"noopener\">Archives<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/nav>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/eo-editors-corner-banner.png\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1037\" height=\"81\" src=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/eo-editors-corner-banner.png?w=1037\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Editor's Corner header\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/eo-editors-corner-banner.png 1037w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/eo-editors-corner-banner.png?resize=300,23 300w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/eo-editors-corner-banner.png?resize=768,60 768w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/eo-editors-corner-banner.png?resize=1024,80 1024w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/eo-editors-corner-banner.png?resize=400,31 400w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/eo-editors-corner-banner.png?resize=600,47 600w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/eo-editors-corner-banner.png?resize=900,70 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1037px) 100vw, 1037px\"><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"padding-top-5 padding-bottom-3 width-full maxw-full hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-article-intro\">\n<div class=\"width-full maxw-full article-header\">\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-2 width-full maxw-full\">\n<p class=\"label carbon-60 margin-0 margin-bottom-3 padding-0\">8 min read<\/p>\n<h1 class=\"display-48 margin-bottom-2\">The Earth Observer Editor\u2019s Corner: Summer 2024<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Welcome to a new era for\u00a0<em>The Earth Observer<\/em>\u00a0newsletter! This communication marks the official public release of\u00a0our new website. While this release moves us into a new online future, the newsletter team has worked to ensure the new website also allows for continuity with our publication\u2019s robust 35-year history.\u00a0 The Executive Editor has written a more detailed\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/science-research\/earth-science\/the-earth-observers-35th-anniversary\/\" rel=\"noopener\">overview of our new site<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>that is posted separately.<\/p>\n<p>I am happy to report on the success of several recent launches. The <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/goes\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite\u2013U<\/strong><\/a><strong> <\/strong>(GOES-U) successfully launched at 5:26 PM Eastern Daylight Time (EDT) on June 25 aboard a SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket from Launch Complex 39A at NASA\u2019s Kennedy Space Center in Florida.<\/p>\n<p>GOES-U (renamed GOES-19 after <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nesdis.noaa.gov\/news\/noaas-goes-u-reaches-geostationary-orbit-now-designated-goes-19\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>reaching geostationary orbit on July 8<\/strong><\/a>) is the fourth and final satellite in the GOES-R Series, providing advanced imagery and atmospheric measurements, real-time mapping of lightning activity, and space weather observations. Once the checkout phase is complete, NASA will hand operational control to NOAA. After checkout, the plan is for GOES-19 to replace GOES-16 (originally GOES\u2013R) as GOES-East. GOES-19 will work in tandem with GOES-18 (GOES\u2013T), NOAA\u2019s GOES-West satellite, to enable observations from the west coast of Africa to New Zealand.<\/p>\n<p>In addition to its critical role in terrestrial weather prediction, the GOES constellation of satellites helps forecasters predict near Earth space weather that can interfere with satellite and terrestrial electronics and communication. The GOES-U satellite goes beyond the capabilities of its predecessors with a new space weather instrument, the Compact Coronagraph-1 (CCOR-1), which blocks light from the solar disk to allow imagery of the faint solar corona, providing low latency observations for detecting coronal mass ejections.<\/p>\n<p>Speaking of space weather, Solar Cycle 25 is nearing its peak, which typically results in an increase in solar activity and geomagnetic storms. A particularly intense geomagnetic storm took place in mid-May 2024\u2014the strongest in over two decades The\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.swpc.noaa.gov\/noaa-scales-explanation\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>G5 storm\u00a0<\/strong><\/a>culminated in a remarkable display of the aurora overnight\u2014in both hemispheres\u2014on May 10\u201311, visible from many areas worldwide\u2014including latitudes where sightings of auroras are uncommon. It also caused concerns for the safety of some of NASA\u2019s Earth science satellite missions, although fortunately there was no lasting impact.<\/p>\n<p>The aurora produced by the storm could be observed from the <a href=\"https:\/\/ladsweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov\/missions-and-measurements\/products\/VNP46A1\/#overview\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>day-night band<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0on the NASA\u2013NOAA Suomi NPP Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) that is sensitive enough to detect nighttime light across a broad band of wavelengths (green to near-infrared) to observe signals such as city lights, reflected moonlight, and auroras. VIIRS captured the image shown below on the night of May 11, 2024.\u00a0<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/auroraborealis-vir-20240511-lrg.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1440\" height=\"960\" src=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/auroraborealis-vir-20240511-lrg.jpg?w=1440\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Editor's Corner Figure\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/auroraborealis-vir-20240511-lrg.jpg 1440w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/auroraborealis-vir-20240511-lrg.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/auroraborealis-vir-20240511-lrg.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/auroraborealis-vir-20240511-lrg.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/auroraborealis-vir-20240511-lrg.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/auroraborealis-vir-20240511-lrg.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/auroraborealis-vir-20240511-lrg.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https:\/\/smd-cms.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/auroraborealis-vir-20240511-lrg.jpg?resize=1200,800 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1440px) 100vw, 1440px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\"><strong>Figure<\/strong>. The day-night band on Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) captured this image of the aurora borealis that occurred on the night of May 11, 2024, as the culminating event of a particularly intense geomagnetic storm that occurred in May 2024. In this view, the northern lights appear as a bright white strip across parts of Montana, Wyoming, the Dakotas, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, and Michigan.\u00a0<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\"><strong>Figure credit<\/strong>: <strong>NASA\u2019s Earth Observatory<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>There were two deployments from the International Space Station (ISS) as part of NASA\u2019s Earth Science Technology Office (ESTO) In-Space Validation of Earth Science Technologies (InVEST) program. The <a href=\"https:\/\/esto.nasa.gov\/invest\/snoopi\/\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>SigNals Of Opportunity: P-band Investigation<\/strong><\/a> (SNOOPI) was launched on March 21 from NASA\u2019s Cape Canaveral Space Force Station to the International Space Station aboard SpaceX\u2019s Dragon cargo spacecraft (CRS-30) as part of the company\u2019s thirtieth commercial resupply mission. On April 21, the instrument was released into orbit from the station. The SNOOPI mission will demonstrate and validate the in-space use of P-band (~300 MHz) signals of opportunity to measure root zone soil moisture and snow water equivalent, reducing the risk of utilizing this technique on future space missions. SNOOPI will also verify important assumptions about reflected signal coherence, robustness to the RFI environment, and the ability to capture and process the transmitted signal in space. <strong>James Garrison<\/strong>\u00a0[Purdue University] is PI for SNOOPI, with co-investigators from GSFC.<\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/esto.nasa.gov\/invest\/hyti\/\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Hyperspectral Thermal Imager<\/strong><\/a> (HyTI) CubeSat was also flown aboard CRS-30 and deployed from the ISS. HyTI is a technology demonstration mission by the University of Hawaii\u02bbi at M\u0101noa designed to demonstrate how high spatial resolution (60-m ground resolution), high spectral resolution (25 bands), and long-wave infrared image data can be acquired to monitor water resources using a 6U CubeSat. <strong>Robert Wright<\/strong>\u00a0[University of Hawai\u02bbi at M\u0101noa] is principal investigator for HyTI.<\/p>\n<p>NASA is conducting the <a href=\"https:\/\/espo.nasa.gov\/ARCSIX\/\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Arctic Radiation Cloud Aerosol Surface Interaction Experiment<\/strong><\/a> (ARCSIX) over the Arctic Ocean north of Greenland this spring and summer. Altogether, about 75 scientists (including sea ice surface researchers, aerosol researchers, and cloud researchers), along with instrument operators and flight crew, are participating in ARCSIX\u2019s two phases based out of Pituffik Space Base in northwest Greenland. The first three-week deployment, from late May to mid-June of this year, was timed to document the start of the ice melt season. The second deployment will occur in late July and August to monitor late summer conditions leading up to the freeze-up period.<\/p>\n<p>As part of ARCSIX, NASA is flying two of its aircraft, with the first flights having occurred on May 28, 2024. The P-3 Orion aircraft from NASA\u2019s Wallops Flight Facility flies at relatively low altitudes to characterize sea ice surface properties, the optical and microphysical properties of cloud and aerosol particles, atmospheric chemistry, radiative fluxes, and other lower atmospheric properties. At the same time, a Gulfstream III aircraft, managed by NASA\u2019s Langley Research Center, flies at higher altitudes to provide hyperspectral imagery and obtain atmospheric profiles, adding a perspective similar to those of orbiting satellites.<\/p>\n<p>Two members of NASA\u2019s Earth observing fleet celebrate milestone anniversaries this summer. The third of NASA\u2019s EOS Flagships\u2014<a href=\"https:\/\/aura.gsfc.nasa.gov\/\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Aura<\/strong><\/a>\u2014marks 20 years in orbit on July 15. During the 1990s and early 2000s, an international team of engineers and scientists worked together to design the first integrated observatory for studying atmospheric composition. This was a \u201cbold endeavor\u201d at the time, intended to provide unprecedented detail essential to understanding how Earth\u2019s ozone layer and air quality respond to changes in atmospheric composition caused by both human activities and natural phenomena, a key NASA Earth science objective. The Aura spacecraft (Latin for \u201cbreeze\u201d and \u201cair\u201d) was launched on July 15, 2004, with its four instruments.<\/p>\n<p>Twenty years later, the spacecraft and two of its instruments, the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) and Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), are in remarkable shape, which is a testament to Aura\u2019s solid engineering. MLS and OMI are remarkably stable, allowing for the continuation of their science- and trend-quality datasets. However, all good things must come to an end. Insufficient solar power generation will require that data collection end in mid-2026. In the meantime, MLS and OMI will continue to monitor the everchanging composition of Earth\u2019s atmosphere. I extend my congratulations to <strong>Bryan Duncan<\/strong> [GSFC\u2014<em>Aura Project Scientist<\/em>] and the entire Aura team, past and present, on this remarkable achievement.<\/p>\n<p>On July 2, 2024, the <a href=\"http:\/\/ocov2.jpl.nasa.gov\/\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2<\/strong><\/a> (OCO-2) celebrated ten years since its launch, marking a decade of gold-standard measurements of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2<\/sub>) from space. OCO-2 was originally designed as a pathfinder mission to measure CO<sub>2<\/sub> with the precision and accuracy needed to quantify regional sources and sinks of this key greenhouse gas.<\/p>\n<p>OCO-2 has tracked the relentless rise of CO<sub>2<\/sub> in our atmosphere and has provided unprecedented information on where, when, and how CO<sub>2<\/sub> is released into and removed from the atmosphere. OCO-2 data have provided new insights into how <a href=\"https:\/\/ocov2.jpl.nasa.gov\/galleries\/videos\/#images-4\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>CO<sub>2 <\/sub>emissions are offset by natural carbon sinks such as forests and oceans<\/strong><\/a>. The data have demonstrated that spaceborne measurements can be used to accurately <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jpl.nasa.gov\/news\/nasa-space-missions-pinpoint-sources-of-co2-emissions-on-earth\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>quantify CO<sub>2<\/sub> emissions from power plants and cities<\/strong><\/a>. The long-term, global record has also been used to examine the two-way interactions between CO<sub>2<\/sub> and climate. As the length of the data record has increased, OCO-2 is beginning to be able to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jpl.nasa.gov\/news\/nasa-space-mission-takes-stock-of-carbon-dioxide-emissions-by-countries\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>provide policy-relevant information<\/strong><\/a> and to address an ever more diverse range of carbon cycle science questions. Because of the mission\u2019s success, NASA now has two instruments in space monitoring Earth\u2019s carbon cycle. OCO-2\u2019s spare parts were repurposed and nested as OCO-3 on the International Space Station in 2019. OCO-2 is unique among NASA missions in providing near-global sampling in combination with the spectral resolution and signal to noise needed to provide CO<sub>2<\/sub> with the sensitivity required to inform studies of the natural carbon cycle as well as anthropogenic sources. The OCO-2 mission has been and will remain a key element of any U.S. or international greenhouse gas observational network to enhance our scientific understanding of the carbon cycle and inform climate mitigation efforts. Congratulations to <strong>Vivienne Payne <\/strong>[JPL\u2014<em>OCO-2 Principal Investigator<\/em>] and the entire OCO-2 team on this noteworthy achievement.<\/p>\n<p><em>The Earth Observer<\/em> plans more in-depth feature coverage of both these missions celebrating milestones in July over the coming months. Last but certainly not least, I would like to congratulate <strong>Sarah Ringerud<\/strong> [GSFC] on being chosen as the Deputy Project Scientist for the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission. Ringerud holds a Ph.D. in Atmospheric Science with an emphasis on Remote Sensing from Colorado State University. Ringerud is a research meteorologist at GSFC, leading projects focused on GPM and future mission concepts. Her expertise lies in satellite algorithm development, particularly for microwave instruments, and she actively collaborates with government and academic partners to advance the field of precipitation remote sensing. Congratulations to Sarah and best wishes in her new role.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Steve Platnick<br \/>EOS Senior Project Scientist<br \/><a href=\"mailto:steven.e.platnick@nasa.gov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">steven.e.platnick@nasa.gov<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"nasa-gb-align-full width-full maxw-full padding-x-3 padding-y-0 nasa_template_article_a hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-credits-and-details\">\n<section class=\"padding-x-0 padding-top-5 padding-bottom-2 desktop:padding-top-7 desktop:padding-bottom-9\">\n<div class=\"grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-0\">\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-2 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n<div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black\">\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n<h2 class=\"heading-14\">Share<\/h2>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"padding-bottom-2\">\n<ul class=\"social-icons social-icons-round\">\n<li 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class=\"heading-14\">Details<\/h2>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-row margin-bottom-3\">\n<div class=\"grid-col-4\">\n<div class=\"subheading\">Last Updated<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-8\">Jul 18, 2024<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n<div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black \">\n<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n<h2 class=\"heading-14\">Related Terms<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"article-tags\">\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/earth-science\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Earth Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/category\/uncategorized\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Uncategorized<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/section><\/div>\n<p class=\"wpematico_credit\"><small>Powered by <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wpematico.com\" target=\"_blank\" 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