{"id":11490,"date":"2024-07-17T18:05:49","date_gmt":"2024-07-17T22:05:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zobi.alcowep.com\/bourtagshdrevxnls658739\/the-marshall-star-for-july-17-2024\/"},"modified":"2024-07-17T18:05:49","modified_gmt":"2024-07-17T22:05:49","slug":"the-marshall-star-for-july-17-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zobi.alcowep.com\/bourtagshdrevxnls658739\/the-marshall-star-for-july-17-2024\/","title":{"rendered":"The Marshall Star for July 17, 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">The Marshall Star for July 17, 2024<\/h2>\n<p><!-- no image --><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-article-hero-header nasa-gb-align-full bg-carbon-90 width-full maxw-full color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-article-hero-header\">\n<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full maxw-full minh-tablet grid-container minh-tablet flex-column padding-0\">\n<div class=\"hds-foreground-wrapper display-flex flex-direction-column\">\n<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block margin-top-auto width-full maxw-desktop-lg padding-y-9 padding-x-3 desktop:padding-x-3 z-400\">\n<div class=\"z-400 grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-7 z-400\">\n<div class=\"margin-0\">\n<div class=\"label color-spacesuit-white margin-bottom-2\">15 Min Read<\/div>\n<h1 class=\"heading-41 line-height-md color-spacesuit-white-important\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe Marshall Star for July 17, 2024\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h1>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-left mobile-skrim-top z-200\"><\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1030\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/sls-core-stage.jpg?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"The core stage of the Artemis Space Launch System being loaded on a covered barge. The stage is a large cylinder shape with the engines facing toward the camera on two yellow transporters that are guiding the stage into a covered grey container in the background. The body of the cylinder is mostly an orange color and white around the bottom. The four engines on the bottom are covered with red material.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/sls-core-stage.jpg 8079w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/sls-core-stage.jpg?resize=300,201 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/sls-core-stage.jpg?resize=768,515 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/sls-core-stage.jpg?resize=1024,686 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/sls-core-stage.jpg?resize=1536,1030 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/sls-core-stage.jpg?resize=2048,1373 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/sls-core-stage.jpg?resize=400,268 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/sls-core-stage.jpg?resize=600,402 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/sls-core-stage.jpg?resize=900,603 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/sls-core-stage.jpg?resize=1200,804 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/sls-core-stage.jpg?resize=2000,1341 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" loading=\"eager\"><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"padding-y-3 padding-x-3\">\n<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block padding-x-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>NASA Ships Moon Rocket Stage Ahead of First Crewed Artemis Flight<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>NASA rolled out the SLS (Space Launch System) rocket\u2019s core stage for the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission\/artemis-ii\/\">Artemis II<\/a>\u00a0test flight from its Michoud Assembly Facility on Tuesday for shipment to the agency\u2019s Kennedy Space Center. The rollout is key progress on the path to NASA\u2019s first crewed mission to the Moon under the Artemis campaign.<\/p>\n<p>Using highly specialized transporters, engineers maneuvered the giant\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/reference\/space-launch-system-core-stage\/#:~:text=NASA%E2%80%99s%20Space%20Launch%20System%20%28SLS%29%20core%20stage%20is,the%20avionics%20needed%20to%20control%20the%20rocket%E2%80%99s%20flight.\">core stage<\/a>\u00a0from inside Michoud to NASA\u2019s Pegasus barge. The barge will ferry the stage more than 900 miles to Kennedy, where engineers will prepare it in the Vehicle Assembly Building for attachment to other rocket and Orion spacecraft elements.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-artemis-ii-rollout-456.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1373\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-artemis-ii-rollout-456.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"The core stage of the Artemis Space Launch System being loaded on a covered barge. The stage is a large cylinder shape with the engines facing toward the camera on two yellow transporters that are guiding the stage into a covered grey container in the background. The body of the cylinder is mostly an orange color and white around the bottom. The four engines on the bottom are covered with red material.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-artemis-ii-rollout-456.jpg 4000w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-artemis-ii-rollout-456.jpg?resize=300,201 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-artemis-ii-rollout-456.jpg?resize=768,515 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-artemis-ii-rollout-456.jpg?resize=1024,686 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-artemis-ii-rollout-456.jpg?resize=1536,1030 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-artemis-ii-rollout-456.jpg?resize=2048,1373 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-artemis-ii-rollout-456.jpg?resize=400,268 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-artemis-ii-rollout-456.jpg?resize=600,402 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-artemis-ii-rollout-456.jpg?resize=900,603 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-artemis-ii-rollout-456.jpg?resize=1200,804 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-artemis-ii-rollout-456.jpg?resize=2000,1341 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Move teams with NASA and Boeing, the SLS core stage lead contractor, position the massive rocket stage for NASA\u2019s SLS rocket on special transporters to strategically guide the flight hardware the 1.3-mile distance from the factory floor onto the agency\u2019s Pegasus barge on July 16. The core stage will be ferried to NASA\u2019s Kennedy Space Center in Florida, where it will be integrated with other parts of the rocket that will power NASA\u2019s Artemis II mission. Pegasus is maintained at NASA\u2019s Michoud Assembly Facility.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">Credit: NASA<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u201cWith Artemis, we\u2019ve set our sights on doing something big and incredibly complex that will inspire a new generation, advance our scientific endeavors, and move U.S. competitiveness forward,\u201d said Catherine Koerner, associate administrator for NASA\u2019s Exploration Systems Development Mission Directorate at NASA Headquarters. \u201cThe SLS rocket is a key component of our efforts to develop a long-term presence at the Moon.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Technicians moved the SLS rocket stage from inside Michoud on the 55th anniversary of the launch of Apollo 11 on July 16, 1969. The move of the rocket stage for Artemis marks the first time since the Apollo Program that a fully assembled Moon rocket stage for a crewed mission rolled out from Michoud.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-artemis-ii-rollout-75large.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1919\" height=\"1449\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-artemis-ii-rollout-75large.jpg?w=1919\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"The NASA Michoud Assembly Facility workforce and with other agency team members take a \u201cfamily photo\u201d with the SLS (Space Launch System) core stage for Artemis II in the background on July 16 at Michoud. The core stage will help launch the first crewed flight of NASA\u2019s SLS rocket for the agency\u2019s Artemis II mission.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-artemis-ii-rollout-75large.jpg 1919w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-artemis-ii-rollout-75large.jpg?resize=300,227 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-artemis-ii-rollout-75large.jpg?resize=768,580 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-artemis-ii-rollout-75large.jpg?resize=1024,773 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-artemis-ii-rollout-75large.jpg?resize=1536,1160 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-artemis-ii-rollout-75large.jpg?resize=400,302 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-artemis-ii-rollout-75large.jpg?resize=600,453 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-artemis-ii-rollout-75large.jpg?resize=900,680 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-artemis-ii-rollout-75large.jpg?resize=1200,906 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1919px) 100vw, 1919px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">The NASA Michoud Assembly Facility workforce and with other agency team members take a \u201cfamily photo\u201d with the SLS (Space Launch System) core stage for Artemis II in the background on July 16 at Michoud. The core stage will help launch the first crewed flight of NASA\u2019s SLS rocket for the agency\u2019s Artemis II mission. <\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>The\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/sls\">SLS<\/a>\u00a0rocket\u2019s core stage is the largest NASA has ever produced. At 212 feet tall, it consists of five major elements, including two huge propellant tanks that collectively hold more than 733,000 gallons of super-chilled liquid propellant to feed four RS-25 engines. During launch and flight, the stage will operate for just over eight minutes, producing more than 2 million pounds of thrust to propel four astronauts inside NASA\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/orion\">Orion<\/a>\u00a0spacecraft toward the Moon.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe delivery of the SLS core stage for Artemis II to Kennedy Space Center signals a shift from manufacturing to launch readiness as teams continue to make progress on hardware for all major elements for future SLS rockets,\u201d said John Honeycutt, SLS program manager at NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center. \u201cWe are motivated by the success of Artemis I and focused on working toward the first crewed flight under Artemis.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-cs2-rollout-uas14large.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-cs2-rollout-uas14large.jpg?w=1920\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Team members on July 16 move the first core stage that will help launch the first crewed flight of NASA\u2019s SLS (Space Launch System) rocket for the agency\u2019s Artemis II mission. The move marked the first time a fully assembled Moon rocket stage for a crewed mission has rolled out from NASA\u2019s Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans since the Apollo Program.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-cs2-rollout-uas14large.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-cs2-rollout-uas14large.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-cs2-rollout-uas14large.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-cs2-rollout-uas14large.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-cs2-rollout-uas14large.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-cs2-rollout-uas14large.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-cs2-rollout-uas14large.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-cs2-rollout-uas14large.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-cs2-rollout-uas14large.jpg?resize=1200,800 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Team members on July 16 move the first core stage that will help launch the first crewed flight of NASA\u2019s SLS (Space Launch System) rocket for the agency\u2019s Artemis II mission. The move marked the first time a fully assembled Moon rocket stage for a crewed mission has rolled out from NASA\u2019s Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans since the Apollo Program. <\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>After arrival at Kennedy, the stage will undergo additional outfitting inside the Vehicle Assembly Building. Engineers then will join it with the segments that form the rocket\u2019s twin solid rocket boosters. Adapters for the Moon rocket that connect it to the Orion spacecraft will be shipped to Kennedy this fall, where the interim cryogenic propulsion stage is already. Engineers at Kennedy continue to prepare Orion and exploration ground systems for launch and flight.<\/p>\n<p>All major structures for every SLS core stage are fully manufactured at Michoud. Inside the factory, core stages and future\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/reference\/space-launch-system-exploration-upper-stage-eus\/#:~:text=The%20Exploration%20Upper%20Stage%20%28EUS%29%20is%20a%20four-engine,destinations%2C%20daily%20launch%20opportunities%2C%20and%20enhanced%20safety%20features.\">exploration upper stages<\/a>\u00a0for the next evolution of SLS, called the Block 1B configuration, currently are in various phases of production for Artemis III, IV, and V. Beginning with Artemis III, to better optimize space at Michoud, Boeing \u2013 the SLS core stage prime contractor \u2013 will use space at Kennedy for\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/nasa-commits-to-future-artemis-moon-rocket-production\/\">final assembly and outfitting activities<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-cs2-rollout-uas33large.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-cs2-rollout-uas33large.jpg?w=1920\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Team members at Michoud Assembly Facility load the first core stage that will help launch the first crewed flight of NASA\u2019s SLS (Space Launch System) rocket for the agency\u2019s Artemis II mission onto the Pegasus barge on July 16. The barge will ferry the core stage on a 900-mile journey from the agency\u2019s Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans to its Kennedy Space Center in Florida.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-cs2-rollout-uas33large.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-cs2-rollout-uas33large.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-cs2-rollout-uas33large.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-cs2-rollout-uas33large.jpg?resize=1024,682 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-cs2-rollout-uas33large.jpg?resize=1536,1023 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-cs2-rollout-uas33large.jpg?resize=400,266 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-cs2-rollout-uas33large.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-cs2-rollout-uas33large.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240716-cs2-rollout-uas33large.jpg?resize=1200,799 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Team members at Michoud Assembly Facility load the first core stage that will help launch the first crewed flight of NASA\u2019s SLS (Space Launch System) rocket for the agency\u2019s Artemis II mission onto the Pegasus barge on July 16. The barge will ferry the core stage on a 900-mile journey from the agency\u2019s Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans to its Kennedy Space Center in Florida. <\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Building, assembling, and transporting the SLS core stage is a collaborative effort for NASA, Boeing, and lead RS-25 engines contractor Aerojet Rocketdyne, an L3Harris Technologies company. All 10 NASA centers contribute to its development with more than 1,100 companies across the United States contributing to its production.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>NASA is working to land the first woman, first person of color, and its first international partner astronaut on the Moon under Artemis. SLS is part of NASA\u2019s backbone for deep space exploration, along with the Orion spacecraft, supporting ground systems, advanced spacesuits and rovers, the Gateway in orbit around the Moon, and commercial human landing systems. SLS is the only rocket that can send Orion, astronauts, and supplies to the Moon in a single launch.<\/p>\n<p><strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/#top\">\u203a Back to Top<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>NASA Barge Preparations for Artemis II Rocket Stage Delivery<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Team members installed pedestals aboard NASA\u2019s Pegasus barge to hold and secure the massive core stage of NASA\u2019s SLS (Space Launch System) rocket, preparing NASA barge crews for their first delivery to support the Artemis II test flight around the Moon. The barge ferried the core stage on a 900-mile journey from the agency\u2019s Michoud Assembly Facility to its Kennedy Space Center.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/image-article\/nasa-barge-preparations-underway-for-artemis-ii-rocket-stage-delivery\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1365\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240710-pegasus-prep-02.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Teams at the agency\u2019s Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans are preparing the agency\u2019s Pegasus barge to carry the SLS rocket\u2019s core stage from the agency\u2019s rocket factory to NASA\u2019s Kennedy Space Center in Florida.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240710-pegasus-prep-02.jpg 8202w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240710-pegasus-prep-02.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240710-pegasus-prep-02.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240710-pegasus-prep-02.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240710-pegasus-prep-02.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240710-pegasus-prep-02.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240710-pegasus-prep-02.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240710-pegasus-prep-02.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240710-pegasus-prep-02.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240710-pegasus-prep-02.jpg?resize=1200,800 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240710-pegasus-prep-02.jpg?resize=2000,1333 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Team members at NASA\u2019s Michoud Assembly Facility install pedestals aboard the Pegasus barge to hold and secure the massive core stage of NASA\u2019s SLS (Space Launch System) rocket ahead.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA\/Eric Bordelon<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>The Pegasus crew began installing the pedestals July 10. The barge, which previously was used to ferry space shuttle external tanks, was modified and refurbished to compensate for the much larger and heavier core stage for the SLS rocket. Measuring 212 feet in length and 27.6 feet in diameter, the core stage is the largest rocket stage NASA has ever built and the longest item ever shipped by a NASA barge.<\/p>\n<p>Pegasus now measures 310 feet in length and 50 feet in width, with three 200-kilowatt generators on board for power. Tugboats and towing vessels moved the barge and core stage from Michoud to Kennedy, where the core stage will be integrated with other elements of the rocket and prepared for launch. Pegasus is maintained at NASA Michoud.<\/p>\n<p>NASA is working to land the first woman, first person of color, and its first international partner astronaut on the Moon under Artemis. SLS is part of NASA\u2019s backbone for deep space exploration, along with the Orion spacecraft, supporting ground systems, advanced spacesuits and rovers, the Gateway in orbit around the Moon, and commercial human landing systems. SLS is the only rocket that can send Orion, astronauts, and supplies to the Moon in a single launch.<\/p>\n<p>NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center manages the SLS Program and Michoud.<\/p>\n<p><strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/#top\">\u203a Back to Top<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Michoud Marks Artemis II Milestone with Employee Event Featuring NASA Astronaut Victor Glover<\/strong><\/h2>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240715-victorglover-speakingengagement-ed-02.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1366\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240715-victorglover-speakingengagement-ed-02.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Moon to Mars Program Deputy Associate Administrator Amit Kshatriya, left, and NASA astronaut Victor Glover, right, speak to Michoud Assembly Facility team members on July 15 as part of a Space Flight Awareness event marking Artemis II\u2019s core stage completion. The core stage was rolled out of Michoud\u2019s rocket factory on July 16 for transportation to NASA\u2019s Kennedy Space Center, where it will be integrated with the Orion spacecraft and the remaining components of the SLS (Space Launch System) rocket.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240715-victorglover-speakingengagement-ed-02.jpg 8192w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240715-victorglover-speakingengagement-ed-02.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240715-victorglover-speakingengagement-ed-02.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240715-victorglover-speakingengagement-ed-02.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240715-victorglover-speakingengagement-ed-02.jpg?resize=1536,1025 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240715-victorglover-speakingengagement-ed-02.jpg?resize=2048,1366 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240715-victorglover-speakingengagement-ed-02.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240715-victorglover-speakingengagement-ed-02.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240715-victorglover-speakingengagement-ed-02.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240715-victorglover-speakingengagement-ed-02.jpg?resize=1200,800 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/maf-20240715-victorglover-speakingengagement-ed-02.jpg?resize=2000,1334 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\"><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><em>Moon to Mars Program Deputy Associate Administrator Amit Kshatriya, left, and NASA astronaut Victor Glover, right, speak to Michoud Assembly Facility team members on July 15 as part of a Space Flight Awareness event marking Artemis II\u2019s core stage completion. The core stage was rolled out of Michoud\u2019s rocket factory on July 16 for transportation to NASA\u2019s Kennedy Space Center, where it will be integrated with the Orion spacecraft and the remaining components of the SLS (Space Launch System) rocket. (NASA)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/#top\">\u203a Back to Top<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Tawnya Laughinghouse Named Director of Marshall\u2019s Materials and Processes Laboratory<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Tawnya Plummer Laughinghouse has been named to the Senior Executive Service position of director of the Materials and Processes Laboratory in the Engineering Directorate at NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center, effective July 7.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dsc-4601.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1365\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dsc-4601.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Tawnya Laughinghouse\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dsc-4601.jpg 2642w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dsc-4601.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dsc-4601.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dsc-4601.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dsc-4601.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dsc-4601.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dsc-4601.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dsc-4601.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dsc-4601.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dsc-4601.jpg?resize=1200,800 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dsc-4601.jpg?resize=2000,1333 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Tawnya Plummer Laughinghouse has been named to the Senior Executive Service position of director of the Materials and Processes Laboratory in the Engineering Directorate at NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>The Materials and Processes Laboratory provides science, technology, and engineering support in materials, processes, and products for use in space vehicle applications, including related ground facilities, test articles and support equipment. As director, Laughinghouse will oversee a workforce of science and engineering experts, as well as several research and development efforts in world-class facilities, including the National Center for Advanced Manufacturing.<\/p>\n<p>Laughinghouse has more than 20 years of experience at NASA holding various technical leadership, supervisory, and programmatic positions. Since October 2018, she has been manager of the Technology Demonstration Missions (TDM) Program for the Agency, managing the implementation of a diverse portfolio of advanced space technology projects led by NASA Centers and industry partners across the nation with a goal to rapidly develop, demonstrate, and infuse revolutionary, high-payoff technologies. Under her leadership, the program helped expand the boundaries of the aerospace enterprise with the launch of 10 advanced technologies to space between 2018 and 2024. In January 2017, she was competitively selected as deputy manager of the TDM Level 2 Program Office within Marshall\u2019s Science and Technology Office.<\/p>\n<p>In 2014, she was selected as a member of the NASA Mid-Level Leadership Program. During that time, she completed a detail at NASA Headquarters supporting an Office of Chief Engineer\/Office of Chief Technologist joint study on NASA\u2019s Technology Readiness Assessment (TRA) Process.<\/p>\n<p>Laughinghouse began her NASA career at Marshall in 2004 in the Materials and Processes Laboratory as lead materials engineer for the Space Shuttle Reusable Solid Rocket Motor (RSRM) Booster Separation Motor aft closure assembly. In this role, she also provided technical expertise in advanced materials for high temperature applications and thermal protection systems for solid and liquid rocket propulsion systems. Over the next 12 years, she served the lab in various capacities, including technical lead of the Ceramics &#038; Ablatives team from 2010 to 2016, and developmental assignments such as assistant chief of the Space and Environmental Effects Branch, and chief of the Nonmetallic Materials Branch. Prior to joining Marshall, Laughinghouse spent six years in the U.S. manufacturing industry as a process chemist and product engineer.<\/p>\n<p>Laughinghouse has been awarded the NASA Exceptional Achievement Medal, the NASA Exceptional Service Medal, and a host of group achievement and external awards, including the distinguished Merit Award from the National Alumnae Association of Spelman College in 2021. She has been recognized extensively in the community for her advocacy for women in STEM and mentoring.<\/p>\n<p>A federally certified senior\/expert program and project manager, Laughinghouse is a graduate of several leadership programs, including the Office of Personnel Management Federal Executive Institute\u2019s Leadership for a Democratic Society. She is a May 2024 graduate of Leadership Greater Huntsville\u2019s Connect-26 Class.<\/p>\n<p>A native of Columbus, Ohio, Laughinghouse was raised in Huntsville and graduated salutatorian of her class at Sparkman High School in Toney, Alabama. After completing a NASA Summer High School Apprenticeship Research Program (SHARP) internship at Marshall, she applied for the NASA Women in Science and Engineering (WISE) dual-degree program and went on to earn a bachelor\u2019s degree in chemistry and a bachelor\u2019s degree in chemical engineering from Spelman College and the Georgia Institute of Technology, respectively. She also holds a Master of Science in management (concentration in management of technology) from the University of Alabama in Huntsville.<\/p>\n<p><strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/#top\">\u203a Back to Top<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Marshall Engineers Unveil Versatile, Low-cost Hybrid Engine Testbed<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><em>By Rick Smith<\/em><\/p>\n<p>In June, engineers at NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center unveiled an innovative, 11-inch hybrid rocket motor testbed.<\/p>\n<p>The new hybrid testbed, which features variable flow capability and a 20-second continuous burn duration, is designed to provide a low-cost, quick-turnaround solution for conducting hot-fire tests of advanced nozzles and other rocket engine hardware, composite materials, and propellants.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ceb-1177-hrm-1-testbed.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1423\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ceb-1177-hrm-1-testbed.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"A pair of NASA engineers conduct checkout testing of a new hybrid rocket engine testbed, a long, blue, cylindrical facility for testing new government and industry rocket motor hardware, materials, and propellants at NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ceb-1177-hrm-1-testbed.jpg 3600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ceb-1177-hrm-1-testbed.jpg?resize=300,209 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ceb-1177-hrm-1-testbed.jpg?resize=768,534 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ceb-1177-hrm-1-testbed.jpg?resize=1024,712 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ceb-1177-hrm-1-testbed.jpg?resize=1536,1068 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ceb-1177-hrm-1-testbed.jpg?resize=2048,1423 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ceb-1177-hrm-1-testbed.jpg?resize=400,278 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ceb-1177-hrm-1-testbed.jpg?resize=600,417 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ceb-1177-hrm-1-testbed.jpg?resize=900,626 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ceb-1177-hrm-1-testbed.jpg?resize=1200,834 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ceb-1177-hrm-1-testbed.jpg?resize=2000,1390 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Paul Dumbacher, right, lead test engineer for the Propulsion Test Branch at NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center, confers with Meredith Patterson, solid propulsion systems engineer, as they install the 11-inch hybrid rocket motor testbed into its cradle in Marshall\u2019s East Test Stand.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA\/Charles Beason<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Solid rocket propulsion remains a competitive, reliable technology for various compact and heavy-lift rockets as well as in-space missions, offering low propulsion element mass, high energy density, resilience in extreme environments, and reliable performance.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s time consuming and costly to put a new solid rocket motor through its paces \u2013 identifying how materials perform in extreme temperatures and under severe structural and dynamic loads,\u201d said Benjamin Davis, branch chief of the Solid Propulsion and Pyrotechnic Devices Branch of Marshall\u2019s Engineering Directorate. \u201cIn today\u2019s fast-paced, competitive environment, we wanted to find a way to condense that schedule. The hybrid testbed offers an exciting, low-cost solution.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Initiated in 2020, the project stemmed from NASA\u2019s work to develop <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/rapid-analysis-and-manufacturing-propulsion-technology\/\">new composite materials<\/a>, additively manufactured \u2013 or 3D-printed \u2013 nozzles, and other components with proven benefits across the spacefaring spectrum, from rockets to planetary landers.<\/p>\n<p>After analyzing future industry requirements, and with feedback from NASA\u2019s aerospace partners, the Marshall team recognized that their existing 24-inch rocket motor testbed \u2013 a subscale version of the Space Launch System booster \u2013 could prove too costly for small startups. Additionally, conventional, six-inch test motors limited flexible configuration and required multiple tests to achieve all customer goals. The team realized what industry needed most was an efficient, versatile third option.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe 11-inch hybrid motor testbed offers the instrumentation, configurability, and cost-efficiency our government, industry, and academic partners need,\u201d said Chloe Bower, subscale solid rocket motor manufacturing lead at Marshall. \u201cIt can accomplish multiple test objectives simultaneously \u2013 including different nozzle configurations, new instrumentation or internal insulation, and various propellants or flight environments.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/img-1508.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1365\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/img-1508.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Three female NASA engineers conduct post-test analysis of disassembled, cylindrical components of a new, hybrid rocket motor testbed at NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/img-1508.jpg 6000w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/img-1508.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/img-1508.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/img-1508.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/img-1508.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/img-1508.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/img-1508.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/img-1508.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/img-1508.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/img-1508.jpg?resize=1200,800 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/img-1508.jpg?resize=2000,1333 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Assessing components of the 11-inch hybrid rocket motor testbed in the wake of successful testing are, from left, Chloe Bower, Marshall\u2019s subscale solid rocket motor manufacturing lead; Jacobs manufacturing engineer Shelby Westrich; and Precious Mitchell, Marshall\u2019s solid propulsion design lead.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA\/Benjamin Davis<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u201cThat quicker pace can reduce test time from months to weeks or days,\u201d said Precious Mitchell, solid propulsion design lead for the project.<\/p>\n<p>Another feature of great interest is the on\/off switch. \u201cThat\u2019s one of the big advantages to a hybrid testbed,\u201d Mitchell said. \u201cWith a solid propulsion system, once it\u2019s ignited, it will burn until the fuel is spent. But because there\u2019s no oxidizer in hybrid fuel, we can simply turn it off at any point if we see anomalies or need to fine-tune a test element, yielding more accurate test results that precisely meet customer needs.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The team expects to deliver to NASA leadership final test data later this summer. For now, Davis congratulates the Marshall propulsion designers, analysts, chemists, materials engineers, safety personnel, and test engineers who collaborated on the new testbed.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019re not just supporting the aerospace industry in broad terms,\u201d he said. \u201cWe\u2019re also giving young NASA engineers a chance to get their hands dirty in a practical test environment solving problems. This work helps educate new generations who will carry on NASA\u2019s mission in the decades to come.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>For nearly 65 years, Marshall teams have led development of the U.S. space program\u2019s most powerful rocket engines and spacecraft, from the Apollo-era Saturn V rocket and the space shuttle to today\u2019s cutting-edge propulsion systems, including NASA\u2019s newest rocket, the Space Launch System. NASA technology testbeds designed and built by Marshall engineers and their partners have shaped the reliable technologies of spaceflight and continue to enable discovery, testing, and certification of advanced rocket engine materials and manufacturing techniques.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><em>Smith, an Aeyon\/MTS employee, supports the Marshall Office of Communications.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/#top\">\u203a Back to Top<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>NASA Honors 25 Years of Chandra at July National Space Club Breakfast<\/strong><\/h2>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/andrewschnell-sc-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/andrewschnell-sc-1.jpg?w=1920\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"NASA Ships Moon Rocket Stage Ahead of First Crewed Artemis Flight https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-ships-moon-rocket-stage-ahead-of-first-crewed-artemis-flight\/ NASA Marshall Engineers Unveil Versatile, Low-cost Hybrid Engine Testbed https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/marshall\/nasa-marshall-engineers-unveil-versatile-low-cost-hybrid-engine-testbed\/ Take a Summer Cosmic Road Trip With NASA\u2019s Chandra and Webb https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/image-article\/take-a-summer-cosmic-road-trip-with-nasas-chandra-and-webb\/ 55 Years Ago: Apollo 11\u2019s One Small Step, One Giant Leap https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/55-years-ago-apollo-11s-one-small-step-one-giant-leap\/ Two Years Since Webb\u2019s First Images: Celebrating with the Penguin and the Egg Andrew Schnell, acting manager of the Chandra X-ray Observatory at NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center, honored 25 years of the project\u2019s mission success at National Space Club \u2013 Huntsville\u2019s breakfast event on July 16.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/andrewschnell-sc-1.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/andrewschnell-sc-1.jpg?resize=300,169 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/andrewschnell-sc-1.jpg?resize=768,432 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/andrewschnell-sc-1.jpg?resize=1024,576 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/andrewschnell-sc-1.jpg?resize=1536,864 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/andrewschnell-sc-1.jpg?resize=400,225 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/andrewschnell-sc-1.jpg?resize=600,338 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/andrewschnell-sc-1.jpg?resize=900,506 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/andrewschnell-sc-1.jpg?resize=1200,675 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\"><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><em>Andrew Schnell, acting manager of the Chandra X-ray Observatory at NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center, honored 25 years of the project\u2019s mission success at National Space Club \u2013 Huntsville\u2019s breakfast event on July 16.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Schnell provided insight into Chandra\u2019s history \u2013 sharing photos and stories from the project\u2019s initial development, launch, first light images, and some of the most iconic images captured by the telescope to date.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Chandra launched on STS-93 Shuttle Columbia July 23, 1999. Originally designed as a five-year mission, the telescope\u2019s prolonged success is a testament to the agency\u2019s engineering capabilities.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u201cOne of the things that excites me about working with Chandra is that are we not only changing our understanding of the universe today, but the data we collect now may help answer questions astrophysicists haven\u2019t even asked yet.\u201d Schnell said. \u201cOne day, an astrophysicist \u2013 maybe one that hasn\u2019t been born yet \u2013 will have a theory, and our data will be there to help them test that theory.\u201d (Photo Credit: Face to Face Marketing)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/#top\">\u203a Back to Top<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Take a Summer Cosmic Road Trip with NASA\u2019s Chandra and Webb<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>It\u2019s time to take a cosmic road trip using light as the highway and visit four stunning destinations across space. The vehicles for this space get-away are NASA\u2019s Chandra X-ray Observatory and James Webb Space Telescope.<\/p>\n<p>The first stop on this tour is the closest, Rho Ophiuchi, at a distance of about 390 light-years from Earth. Rho Ophiuchi is a cloud complex filled with gas and stars of different sizes and ages. Being one of the closest star-forming regions, Rho Ophiuchi is a great place for astronomers to study stars. In this image, X-rays from Chandra are purple revealing infant stars that violently flare and produce X-rays. Infrared data from Webb are red, yellow, cyan, light blue and darker blue and provide views of the spectacular regions of gas and dust.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-rho.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1918\" height=\"2048\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-rho.jpg?w=1918\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Rho Ophiuchi, a cloud complex filled with gas, and dotted with stars. The murky green and gold cloud resembles a ghostly head in profile, swooping down from the upper left, trailing tendrils of hair. Cutting across the bottom edge and lower righthand corner of the image is a long, narrow, brick red cloud which resembles the ember of a stick pulled from a fire. Several large white stars dot the image. Many are surrounded by glowing neon purple rings, and gleam with diffraction spikes.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-rho.jpg 5400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-rho.jpg?resize=281,300 281w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-rho.jpg?resize=768,820 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-rho.jpg?resize=959,1024 959w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-rho.jpg?resize=1439,1536 1439w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-rho.jpg?resize=1918,2048 1918w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-rho.jpg?resize=375,400 375w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-rho.jpg?resize=562,600 562w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-rho.jpg?resize=843,900 843w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-rho.jpg?resize=1124,1200 1124w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-rho.jpg?resize=1873,2000 1873w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1918px) 100vw, 1918px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">The first stop on this tour is the closest, Rho Ophiuchi, at a distance of about 390 light-years from Earth.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">X-ray: NASA\/CXC\/MIT\/C. Canizares; IR: NASA\/ESA\/CSA\/STScI\/K. Pontoppidan; Image Processing: NASA\/ESA\/STScI\/Alyssa Pagan, NASA\/CXC\/SAO\/L. Frattare and J. Major<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>The next destination is the Orion Nebula. Still located in the Milky Way galaxy, this region is a little bit farther from our home planet at about 1,500 light-years away. If you look just below the middle of the three stars that make up the \u201cbelt\u201d in the constellation of Orion, you may be able to see this nebula through a small telescope. With Chandra and Webb, however, we get to see so much more. Chandra reveals young stars that glow brightly in X-rays, colored in red, green, and blue, while Webb shows the gas and dust in darker red that will help build the next generation of stars here.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/image-article\/take-a-summer-cosmic-road-trip-with-nasas-chandra-and-webb\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"2045\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-m42.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-m42.jpg 3000w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-m42.jpg?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-m42.jpg?resize=300,300 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-m42.jpg?resize=768,767 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-m42.jpg?resize=1024,1024 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-m42.jpg?resize=1536,1534 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-m42.jpg?resize=2048,2045 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-m42.jpg?resize=50,50 50w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-m42.jpg?resize=100,100 100w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-m42.jpg?resize=200,200 200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-m42.jpg?resize=400,400 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-m42.jpg?resize=600,600 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-m42.jpg?resize=900,900 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-m42.jpg?resize=1200,1198 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-m42.jpg?resize=2000,1997 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">The Orion Nebula.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">X-ray: NASA\/CXC\/Penn State\/E.Fei<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>It\u2019s time to leave our galaxy and visit another. Like the Milky Way, NGC 3627 is a spiral galaxy that we see at a slight angle. NGC 3627 is known as a \u201cbarred\u201d spiral galaxy because of the rectangular shape of its central region. From our vantage point, we can also see two distinct spiral arms that appear as arcs. X-rays from Chandra in purple show evidence for a supermassive black hole in its center while Webb finds the dust, gas, and stars throughout the galaxy in red, green, and blue. This image also contains optical data from the Hubble Space Telescope in red, green, and blue.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-ngc3627.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1161\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-ngc3627.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"The galaxy NGC 3627 appears pitched at an oblique angle, tilted from our upper left down to our lower right. Much of its face is angled toward us, making its spiral arms, composed of red and purple dots, easily identifiable. Several bright white dots ringed with neon purple speckle the galaxy. At the galaxy\u2019s core, where the spiral arms converge, a large white and purple glow identified by Chandra provides evidence of a supermassive black hole.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-ngc3627.jpg 3300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-ngc3627.jpg?resize=300,170 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-ngc3627.jpg?resize=768,435 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-ngc3627.jpg?resize=1024,580 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-ngc3627.jpg?resize=1536,870 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-ngc3627.jpg?resize=2048,1161 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-ngc3627.jpg?resize=400,227 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-ngc3627.jpg?resize=600,340 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-ngc3627.jpg?resize=900,510 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-ngc3627.jpg?resize=1200,680 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-ngc3627.jpg?resize=2000,1133 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Spiral galaxy NGC 3627.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">X-ray: NASA\/CXC\/SAO; Optical: NASA\/ESO\/STScI, ESO\/WFI; Infrared: NASA\/ESA\/CSA\/STScI\/JWST; Image Processing:\/NASA\/CXC\/SAO\/J. Major<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Our final landing place on this trip is the farthest and the biggest. MACS J0416 is a galaxy cluster, which are among the largest objects in the Universe held together by gravity. Galaxy clusters like this can contain hundreds or even thousands of individual galaxies all immersed in massive amounts of superheated gas that Chandra can detect. In this view, Chandra\u2019s X-rays in purple show this reservoir of hot gas while Hubble and Webb pick up the individual galaxies in red, green, and blue.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-macs.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1889\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-macs.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Here is the distant galaxy cluster known as MACS J0416. The blackness of space is packed with glowing dots and tiny shapes, in whites, purples, oranges, golds, and reds, each a distinct galaxy. Upon close inspection (and with a great deal of zooming in!) the spiraling arms of some of the seemingly tiny galaxies are revealed in this highly detailed image. Gently arched across the middle of the frame is a soft band of purple; a reservoir of superheated gas detected by Chandra.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-macs.jpg 4500w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-macs.jpg?resize=300,277 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-macs.jpg?resize=768,708 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-macs.jpg?resize=1024,945 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-macs.jpg?resize=1536,1417 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-macs.jpg?resize=2048,1889 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-macs.jpg?resize=400,369 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-macs.jpg?resize=600,553 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-macs.jpg?resize=900,830 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-macs.jpg?resize=1200,1107 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chandrawebb3-macs.jpg?resize=2000,1845 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">ACS J0416 galaxy cluster.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">X-ray: NASA\/CXC\/SAO\/G. Ogrean et al.; Optical\/Infrared: (Hubble) NASA\/ESA\/STScI; IR: (JWST) NASA\/ESA\/CSA\/STScI\/Jose M. Diego (IFCA), Jordan C. J. D\u2019Silva (UWA), Anton M. Koekemoer (STScI), Jake Summers (ASU), Rogier Windhorst (ASU), Haojing Yan (University of Missouri)<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center manages the Chandra program. The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory\u2019s Chandra X-ray Center controls science from Cambridge Massachusetts and flight operations from Burlington, Massachusetts.<\/p>\n<p><strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/#top\">\u203a Back to Top<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"wpematico_credit\"><small>Powered by <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wpematico.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">WPeMatico<\/a><\/small><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/marshall\/the-marshall-star-for-july-17-2024\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Get The Details&#8230;<\/a><br \/>\nLee Mohon  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>NASA Ships Moon Rocket Stage Ahead of First Crewed Artemis Flight NASA rolled out the SLS (Space Launch System) rocket\u2019s core stage for the\u00a0Artemis II\u00a0test flight from its Michoud Assembly Facility on Tuesday for shipment to the agency\u2019s Kennedy Space Center. The rollout is key progress on the path to NASA\u2019s first crewed mission to [\u2026] <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"https:\/\/zobi.alcowep.com\/bourtagshdrevxnls658739\/the-marshall-star-for-july-17-2024\/\"> Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr; <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<div class='heateorSssClear'><\/div><div  class='heateor_sss_sharing_container heateor_sss_horizontal_sharing' data-heateor-sss-href='https:\/\/zobi.alcowep.com\/bourtagshdrevxnls658739\/the-marshall-star-for-july-17-2024\/'><div class='heateor_sss_sharing_title' style=\"font-weight:bold\" >Spread the love<\/div><div class=\"heateor_sss_sharing_ul\"><a aria-label=\"Facebook\" class=\"heateor_sss_facebook\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer\/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fzobi.alcowep.com%2Fbourtagshdrevxnls658739%2Fthe-marshall-star-for-july-17-2024%2F\" title=\"Facebook\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" 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