{"id":10955,"date":"2024-05-15T18:03:54","date_gmt":"2024-05-15T22:03:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zobi.alcowep.com\/bourtagshdrevxnls658739\/the-marshall-star-for-may-15-2024\/"},"modified":"2024-05-15T18:03:54","modified_gmt":"2024-05-15T22:03:54","slug":"the-marshall-star-for-may-15-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zobi.alcowep.com\/bourtagshdrevxnls658739\/the-marshall-star-for-may-15-2024\/","title":{"rendered":"The Marshall Star for May 15, 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">The Marshall Star for May 15, 2024<\/h2>\n<p><!-- no image --><\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-article-hero-header nasa-gb-align-full bg-carbon-90 width-full maxw-full color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-article-hero-header\">\n<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full maxw-full minh-tablet grid-container minh-tablet flex-column padding-0\">\n<div class=\"hds-foreground-wrapper display-flex flex-direction-column\">\n<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block margin-top-auto width-full maxw-desktop-lg padding-y-9 padding-x-3 desktop:padding-x-0 z-400\">\n<div class=\"z-400 grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-7 z-400\">\n<div class=\"margin-0\">\n<div class=\"label color-spacesuit-white margin-bottom-2\">15 Min Read<\/div>\n<h1 class=\"heading-41 line-height-md color-spacesuit-white-important\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe Marshall Star for May 15, 2024\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h1>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-left mobile-skrim-top z-200\"><\/div>\n<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"954\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"Astronaut Victor Glover, far right, and Bill Hill, second from right, director of safety and mission assurance at NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center join Marshall honorees for a photo op at the Space Flight Awareness Honoree Ceremony on May 4 in Orlando, Florida. Honoree awards recognize civil servants and industry partners for outstanding work and dedication to astronaut safety. From left, Cody Goodman, David Starrett, John Ivester, Lisa Hughes, Greg Snell, Megan Vansant, Megan Hines, Karl Nelson, Les Johnson, Shawn Reagan, Hill, and Glover. Marshall honorees also include Maggie Freeman, who was unable to attend the awards event.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg 7989w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg?resize=300,186 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg?resize=768,477 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg?resize=1024,636 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg?resize=1536,954 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg?resize=2048,1273 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg?resize=400,249 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg?resize=600,373 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg?resize=900,559 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg?resize=1200,746 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg?resize=2000,1243 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\"><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"padding-y-3 padding-x-3\">\n<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block padding-x-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Joint Chiefs Vice Chairman Visits Marshall<\/strong><\/h2>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ceb-0100.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1386\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ceb-0100.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Navy Adm. Christopher Grady, vice chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, his wife Christine Grady, and son Luke Grady talk with Nick Benjamin, right, a payload operations director for the International Space Station, at the Payload Operations Integration Center during the vice chairman\u2019s tour of NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center on May 6.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ceb-0100.jpg 3600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ceb-0100.jpg?resize=300,203 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ceb-0100.jpg?resize=768,520 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ceb-0100.jpg?resize=1024,693 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ceb-0100.jpg?resize=1536,1040 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ceb-0100.jpg?resize=2048,1386 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ceb-0100.jpg?resize=400,271 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ceb-0100.jpg?resize=600,406 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ceb-0100.jpg?resize=900,609 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ceb-0100.jpg?resize=1200,812 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ceb-0100.jpg?resize=2000,1354 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\"><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Navy Adm. Christopher Grady, vice chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, his wife Christine Grady, and son Luke Grady talk with Nick Benjamin, right, a payload operations director for the International Space Station, at the Payload Operations Integration Center during the vice chairman\u2019s tour of NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center on May 6. (NASA\/Charles Beason)<\/p>\n<p><strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/#top\">\u203a Back to Top<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Marshall Team Members Honored with Space Flight Awareness Awards<\/strong><\/h2>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1273\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Astronaut Victor Glover, far right, and Bill Hill, second from right, director of safety and mission assurance at NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center join Marshall honorees for a photo op at the Space Flight Awareness Honoree Ceremony on May 4 in Orlando, Florida. Honoree awards recognize civil servants and industry partners for outstanding work and dedication to astronaut safety. From left, Cody Goodman, David Starrett, John Ivester, Lisa Hughes, Greg Snell, Megan Vansant, Megan Hines, Karl Nelson, Les Johnson, Shawn Reagan, Hill, and Glover. Marshall honorees also include Maggie Freeman, who was unable to attend the awards event.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg 7989w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg?resize=300,186 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg?resize=768,477 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg?resize=1024,636 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg?resize=1536,954 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg?resize=2048,1273 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg?resize=400,249 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg?resize=600,373 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg?resize=900,559 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg?resize=1200,746 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240504-ph-csh01-0238.jpg?resize=2000,1243 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\"><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Astronaut Victor Glover, far right, and Bill Hill, second from right, director of safety and mission assurance at NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center join Marshall honorees for a photo op at the Space Flight Awareness Honoree Ceremony on May 4 in Orlando, Florida. Honoree awards recognize civil servants and industry partners for outstanding work and dedication to astronaut safety. From left, Cody Goodman, David Starrett, John Ivester, Lisa Hughes, Greg Snell, Megan Vansant, Megan Hines, Karl Nelson, Les Johnson, Shawn Reagan, Hill, and Glover. Marshall honorees also include Maggie Freeman, who was unable to attend the awards event. (NASA)<\/p>\n<p><strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/#top\">\u203a Back to Top<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>NASA\u2019s Boeing Crew Flight Test Eyes Next Launch Opportunity<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>NASA, Boeing, and ULA (United Launch Alliance) teams continue working remaining open tasks in preparation for the agency\u2019s Boeing Crew Flight Test to the International Space Station. The teams now are targeting a launch date of no earlier than\u00a03:43 p.m. CDT\u00a0May 21, to complete additional testing.<\/p>\n<p>On May 11, the ULA team successfully replaced a pressure regulation valve on the liquid oxygen tank on the Atlas V rocket\u2019s Centaur upper stage. The team also performed re-pressurization and system purges, and tested the new valve, which performed normally.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202405040021\/NHQ202405040021~large.jpg?w=1474&#038;h=1920&#038;fit=clip&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1474\" height=\"1920\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202405040021\/NHQ202405040021~large.jpg?w=1474&#038;h=1920&#038;fit=clip&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"A United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket with Boeing\u2019s CST-100 Starliner spacecraft aboard is seen as it is rolled out of the Vertical Integration Facility to the launch pad at Space Launch Complex 41 ahead of the NASA\u2019s Boeing Crew Flight Test on May 4 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202405040021\/NHQ202405040021~large.jpg?w=1474&#038;h=1920&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1474w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202405040021\/NHQ202405040021~large.jpg?w=230&#038;h=300&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 230w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202405040021\/NHQ202405040021~large.jpg?w=768&#038;h=1000&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202405040021\/NHQ202405040021~large.jpg?w=786&#038;h=1024&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 786w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202405040021\/NHQ202405040021~large.jpg?w=1179&#038;h=1536&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1179w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202405040021\/NHQ202405040021~large.jpg?w=307&#038;h=400&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 307w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202405040021\/NHQ202405040021~large.jpg?w=461&#038;h=600&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 461w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202405040021\/NHQ202405040021~large.jpg?w=691&#038;h=900&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 691w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/NHQ202405040021\/NHQ202405040021~large.jpg?w=921&#038;h=1200&#038;fit=crop&#038;crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 921w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1474px) 100vw, 1474px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">A United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket with Boeing\u2019s CST-100 Starliner spacecraft aboard is seen as it is rolled out of the Vertical Integration Facility to the launch pad at Space Launch Complex 41 ahead of the NASA\u2019s Boeing Crew Flight Test on May 4 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA\/Joel Kowsky<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>The Atlas V and Starliner remain in the Vertical Integration Facility at Space Launch Complex-41 on Cape Canaveral Space Force Station.<\/p>\n<p>NASA astronauts Butch Wilmore and Suni Williams, still in preflight quarantine, returned to Houston on\u00a0May 10\u00a0to spend extra time with their families as prelaunch operations progress. The duo will fly back to NASA\u2019s Kennedy Space Center in the coming days.<\/p>\n<p>Wilmore and Williams are the first to launch aboard Boeing\u2019s Starliner to the space station as part of the agency\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/commercial-space\/commercial-crew-program\/\">Commercial Crew Program<\/a>. The astronauts will spend about a week at the orbiting laboratory before returning to Earth and making a parachute and airbag-assisted landing in the southwestern United States.<\/p>\n<p>After successful completion of the mission, NASA will begin the final process of certifying Starliner and its systems for crewed rotation missions to the space station.<\/p>\n<p><strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/#top\">\u203a Back to Top<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>I Am Artemis: Lauren Fisher<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Not many music majors get to be hands-on with building a Moon rocket, but Lauren Fisher has always enjoyed the unusual.<\/p>\n<p>Now a structural materials engineer at NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center, Fisher works on a key adapter for NASA\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/nasa.gov\/sls\" rel=\"noopener\">SLS (Space Launch System) rocket<\/a>\u00a0for the first crewed missions of NASA\u2019s Artemis campaign.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/image-article\/i-am-artemis-lauren-fisher\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1152\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/msfc-nasa-240501-bldg-4649-lauren-fisher-i-am-artemis-6.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Lauren Fisher stands in front of the launch vehicle stage adapter for NASA\u2019s SLS (Space Launch System) rocket.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/msfc-nasa-240501-bldg-4649-lauren-fisher-i-am-artemis-6.jpg 6000w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/msfc-nasa-240501-bldg-4649-lauren-fisher-i-am-artemis-6.jpg?resize=300,169 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/msfc-nasa-240501-bldg-4649-lauren-fisher-i-am-artemis-6.jpg?resize=768,432 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/msfc-nasa-240501-bldg-4649-lauren-fisher-i-am-artemis-6.jpg?resize=1024,576 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/msfc-nasa-240501-bldg-4649-lauren-fisher-i-am-artemis-6.jpg?resize=1536,864 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/msfc-nasa-240501-bldg-4649-lauren-fisher-i-am-artemis-6.jpg?resize=2048,1152 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/msfc-nasa-240501-bldg-4649-lauren-fisher-i-am-artemis-6.jpg?resize=400,225 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/msfc-nasa-240501-bldg-4649-lauren-fisher-i-am-artemis-6.jpg?resize=600,338 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/msfc-nasa-240501-bldg-4649-lauren-fisher-i-am-artemis-6.jpg?resize=900,506 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/msfc-nasa-240501-bldg-4649-lauren-fisher-i-am-artemis-6.jpg?resize=1200,675 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/msfc-nasa-240501-bldg-4649-lauren-fisher-i-am-artemis-6.jpg?resize=2000,1125 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Lauren Fisher stands in front of the launch vehicle stage adapter for NASA\u2019s SLS (Space Launch System) rocket. The hardware will be used for the agency\u2019s Artemis III mission that will land astronauts on the lunar surface. Fisher works with a number of teams across the agency and believes her background in music education has been an asset to her work as an engineer: \u201cTeaching skills help you look at things from a different perspective and helps with understanding how others might approach a situation \u2013 all very helpful when I\u2019m working with teams.\u201d<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA\/Sam Lott<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Manufactured at Marshall by NASA, lead contractor Teledyne Brown Engineering, and the Jacobs Space Exploration Group\u2019s ESSCA contract, the cone-shaped launch vehicle stage adapter partially encloses the rocket\u2019s interim cryogenic propulsion stage and connects it to the core stage below and the Orion stage adapter above. The launch vehicle stage adapter also protects avionics and electrical devices from extreme vibration and acoustic conditions during launch and ascent.<\/p>\n<p>Fisher and the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/marshall\/technicians-apply-thermal-protection-material-to-nasa-moon-rocket-hardware\/\">thermal protection system<\/a>\u00a0team develop and apply the spray-on foam that acts as insulation and protects the adapter and all its systems from the extreme pressures and temperatures it\u2019ll face during flight. The thermal protection system for the component, unlike other parts of the rocket, is applied by hand using a spray gun. When first applied, the insulation is yellow, but after time and exposure to the Sun, it turns orange.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019re taking the same stuff someone might use to insulate their attic, except making it for cryogenic atmospheres, and spraying it all over a giant piece of hardware that will help launch us to the Moon,\u201d Fisher said. \u201cWith my work for NASA\u2019s Space Launch System rocket, I get to play with foam and glue. I like to call it arts and crafts engineering!\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Although engineering runs in her family, Fisher initially graduated from University of Southern Mississippi with a Bachelor of Arts in music performance and an interest in music education. She developed an interest in carbon-based polymers, and decided to go back to school, completing a chemical engineering degree with a polymeric materials track from the University of Alabama in Huntsville. Her new degree led to an opportunity to work for the thermal protection system team at Marshall.<\/p>\n<p>When Fisher isn\u2019t in the office, she likes travelling to unusual places and checking items off her self-described \u201cBizarre Bucket List.\u201d Recently, she went to Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania, to watch the famous groundhog predict an early spring.<\/p>\n<p>Being part of the Artemis Generation is incredibly inspiring for Fisher, who takes pride in her work supporting the first three Artemis missions, including\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission\/artemis-ii\/\">Artemis II<\/a>, the first crewed mission under Artemis, in 2025.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI\u2019m literally building the hardware that will send the first woman to deep space,\u201d Fisher says. \u201cWatching our rocket take shape, I\u2019m like \u2018you see that thing? I did that; that\u2019s mine. See that one? My team did that one. We did that, and see this?\u2019\u201d She beams with pride. \u201cYou can do that, too. Just being a part of the generation that\u2019s changing the workforce and changing the space program\u00a0<sub>\u2014<\/sub>\u00a0it gives me goosebumps.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>NASA is working to land the first woman, first person of color, and its first international partner astronaut on the Moon under Artemis. SLS is part of NASA\u2019s backbone for deep space exploration, along with the Orion spacecraft and Gateway in orbit around the Moon and commercial human landing systems, next-generational spacesuits, and rovers on the lunar surface. SLS is the only rocket that can send Orion, astronauts, and supplies to the Moon in a single launch.<\/p>\n<p><strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/#top\">\u203a Back to Top<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>NASA Licenses 3D-Printable Superalloy to Benefit US Economy<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>NASA\u2019s investment in a breakthrough superalloy developed for the extreme temperatures and harsh conditions of air and spaceflight is on the threshold of paying commercial dividends.<\/p>\n<p>The agency is licensing its invention, dubbed \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/nasas-new-material-built-to-withstand-extreme-conditions\/\">GRX-810<\/a>,\u201d to four American companies, a practice that benefits the United States economy as a return on investment of taxpayer dollars.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grc-2023-cm-0185.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1365\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grc-2023-cm-0185.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"A NASA insignia, also known as the meatball, is being 3D printed and appears to be green in its printing chamber with a bright laser flash in the upper right-hand corner.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grc-2023-cm-0185.jpg 4913w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grc-2023-cm-0185.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grc-2023-cm-0185.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grc-2023-cm-0185.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grc-2023-cm-0185.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grc-2023-cm-0185.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grc-2023-cm-0185.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grc-2023-cm-0185.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grc-2023-cm-0185.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grc-2023-cm-0185.jpg?resize=1200,800 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grc-2023-cm-0185.jpg?resize=2000,1333 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">The NASA insignia is 3D printed using the GRX-810 superalloy.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA\/Jordan Salkin<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>GRX-810 is a 3D-printable high-temperature material that will lead to stronger, more durable airplane and spacecraft parts that can withstand more punishment before reaching their breaking point.<\/p>\n<p>The co-exclusive license agreements will allow the companies to produce and market GRX-810 to airplane and rocket equipment manufacturers as well as the entire supply chain.<\/p>\n<p>The four co-exclusive licensees are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Carpenter Technology Corporation of Reading, Pennsylvania<\/li>\n<li>Elementum 3D, Inc. of Erie, Colorado<\/li>\n<li>Linde Advanced Material Technologies, Inc. of Indianapolis<\/li>\n<li>Powder Alloy Corporation of Loveland, Ohio<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>GRX-810 is one example of many new technologies\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/technology-transfer-spinoffs\/\">NASA\u2019s Technology Transfer Program<\/a>\u00a0managers review and file for patent protection. The team also works with inventors to find partners interested in commercialization.\u00a0<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-injector-and-nozzle-testing-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1536\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-injector-and-nozzle-testing-1.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Darren Tinker, left, from NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center, and Tim Smith, from the agency\u2019s Glenn Research Center, inspect the GRX-810 nozzle and injector following hot-fire testing in 2023 at Marshall.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-injector-and-nozzle-testing-1.jpg 4032w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-injector-and-nozzle-testing-1.jpg?resize=300,225 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-injector-and-nozzle-testing-1.jpg?resize=768,576 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-injector-and-nozzle-testing-1.jpg?resize=1024,768 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-injector-and-nozzle-testing-1.jpg?resize=1536,1152 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-injector-and-nozzle-testing-1.jpg?resize=2048,1536 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-injector-and-nozzle-testing-1.jpg?resize=400,300 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-injector-and-nozzle-testing-1.jpg?resize=600,450 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-injector-and-nozzle-testing-1.jpg?resize=900,675 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-injector-and-nozzle-testing-1.jpg?resize=1200,900 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-injector-and-nozzle-testing-1.jpg?resize=2000,1500 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Darren Tinker, left, from NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center, and Tim Smith, from the agency\u2019s Glenn Research Center, inspect the GRX-810 nozzle and injector following hot-fire testing in 2023 at Marshall. <\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA\/Paul Gradl<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u201cNASA invests tax dollars into research that demonstrates direct benefit to the U.S. and transfers its technologies to industry by licensing its patents,\u201d said Amy Hiltabidel, licensing manager at NASA\u2019s Glenn Research Center.<\/p>\n<p>NASA engineers designed GRX-810 for aerospace applications, including liquid rocket engine injectors, combustors, turbines, and hot-section components capable of enduring temperatures over 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cGRX-810 represents a new alloy design space and manufacturing technique that was impossible a few years ago,\u201d said Tim Smith, materials researcher at NASA Glenn.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-hot-fire-test.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1280\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-hot-fire-test.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Hot-fire testing of GRX-810 injector and nozzle components at Marshall Test Stand 115 using liquid oxygen and liquid methane propellants.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-hot-fire-test.jpg 3489w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-hot-fire-test.jpg?resize=300,188 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-hot-fire-test.jpg?resize=768,480 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-hot-fire-test.jpg?resize=1024,640 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-hot-fire-test.jpg?resize=1536,960 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-hot-fire-test.jpg?resize=2048,1280 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-hot-fire-test.jpg?resize=400,250 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-hot-fire-test.jpg?resize=600,375 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-hot-fire-test.jpg?resize=900,563 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-hot-fire-test.jpg?resize=1200,750 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/grx-810-hot-fire-test.jpg?resize=2000,1250 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Hot-fire testing of GRX-810 injector and nozzle components at Marshall Test Stand 115 using liquid oxygen and liquid methane propellants. <\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Smith co-invented the superalloy along with his Glenn colleague Christopher Kantzos using a time-saving computer modeling and laser 3D-printing process that fuses metals together, layer-by-layer. Tiny particles containing oxygen atoms spread throughout the alloy enhance its strength.<\/p>\n<p>Compared to other nickel-base alloys, GRX-810 can endure higher temperatures and stress and can last up to 2,500 times longer. It\u2019s also nearly four times better at flexing before breaking and twice as resistant to oxidation damage.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAdoption of this alloy will lead to more sustainable aviation and space exploration,\u201d said Dale Hopkins, deputy project manager of NASA\u2019s Transformational Tools and Technologies project. \u201cThis is because jet engine and rocket components made from GRX-810 will lower operating costs by lasting longer and improving overall fuel efficiency.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Research and development teams include those from Glenn, NASA\u2019s Ames Research Center, Ohio State University, and NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center, where the most recent testing included 3D-printed rocket engine parts.<\/p>\n<p>Marshall completed a successful hot-fire test series at Test Stand 115 in 2023. This test series demonstrated GRX-810 injectors and regeneratively cooled nozzles for liquid rocket engines. The center is working to advance additive manufacturing for propulsion applications, but also developing 3D-printing technologies to deploy in space for manufacturing. Marshall has capabilities for the entire design, analysis, manufacturing, hot- fire testing, and certification lifecycle of complex additively manufactured propulsion components and engine systems to enable high performance for NASA, government, and commercial space missions.<\/p>\n<p>NASA develops many technologies to solve the challenges of space exploration, advance the understanding of our home planet, and improve air transportation. Through patent licensing and other mechanisms, NASA has\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/technology.nasa.gov\/\" rel=\"noopener\">spun off more than 2,000 technologies<\/a>\u00a0for companies to develop into products and solutions supporting the American economy.<\/p>\n<p><strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/#top\">\u203a Back to Top<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Agency\u2019s New Mobile Launcher Stacks Up for Future Artemis Missions\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The foundation is set at NASA\u2019s Kennedy Space Center for launching crewed missions aboard the agency\u2019s larger and more powerful SLS (Space Launch System) Block 1B rocket in support of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/general\/nasas-artemis-iv-building-first-lunar-space-station\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Artemis IV<\/a>\u00a0and future missions. On May 9, teams with NASA\u2019s EGS (Exploration Ground Systems) Program and contractor Bechtel National Inc. transferred the primary base structure of the mobile launcher 2 to its permanent mount mechanisms using the spaceport\u2019s beast-mode transporter \u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/exploration-ground-systems\/the-crawlers\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">the crawler<\/a>. \u00a0<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240509-ph-met01-0004orig.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1365\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240509-ph-met01-0004orig.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Image shows base structure of mobile launcher 2 at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240509-ph-met01-0004orig.jpg 5751w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240509-ph-met01-0004orig.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240509-ph-met01-0004orig.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240509-ph-met01-0004orig.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240509-ph-met01-0004orig.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240509-ph-met01-0004orig.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240509-ph-met01-0004orig.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240509-ph-met01-0004orig.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240509-ph-met01-0004orig.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240509-ph-met01-0004orig.jpg?resize=1200,800 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240509-ph-met01-0004orig.jpg?resize=2000,1333 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Teams with NASA\u2019s Exploration Ground Systems Program and primary contractor Bechtel National Inc. continue moving the base structure of mobile launcher 2 to a permanent mount structure where assembly will be completed at Kennedy Space Center. The 355-foot-tall mobile launcher 2 with a two-story base and a tower will be used to assemble and process the SLS (Space Launch System) rocket and Orion spacecraft in the Vehicle Assembly Building on NASA\u2019s upcoming Artemis missions to the Moon beginning with Artemis IV.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA\/Madison Tuttle<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>The\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/ml-ml2-comparison-infographic.pdf?emrc=66452e8d87820\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">mobile launcher<\/a>\u00a0serves as the primary interface between the ground launch systems, SLS rocket, and Orion spacecraft that will launch the SLS Block 1B rocket, with its\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/reference\/space-launch-system-exploration-upper-stage-eus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">enhanced upper stage<\/a>, to the Moon, allowing the agency to send astronauts and heavier cargo into lunar orbit than its predecessor, SLS Block 1. With Artemis, NASA will land the first woman, first person of color, and its first international partner astronaut on the lunar surface and establish long-term exploration for scientific discovery and to prepare for human missions to Mars. \u00a0<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240424-ph-ilw01-0053orig.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1366\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240424-ph-ilw01-0053orig.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Image shows construction of the platform for mobile launcher 2 for the Artemis missions.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240424-ph-ilw01-0053orig.jpg 8192w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240424-ph-ilw01-0053orig.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240424-ph-ilw01-0053orig.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240424-ph-ilw01-0053orig.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240424-ph-ilw01-0053orig.jpg?resize=1536,1025 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240424-ph-ilw01-0053orig.jpg?resize=2048,1366 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240424-ph-ilw01-0053orig.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240424-ph-ilw01-0053orig.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240424-ph-ilw01-0053orig.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240424-ph-ilw01-0053orig.jpg?resize=1200,800 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/ksc-20240424-ph-ilw01-0053orig.jpg?resize=2000,1334 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">With NASA\u2019s iconic Vehicle Assembly Building in the background, teams with the agency\u2019s Exploration Ground Systems Program and primary contractor, Bechtel National, Inc. continue construction on the base of the platform for the new mobile launcher.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA\/Isaac Watson<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center manages the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/space-launch-system\/\">SLS<\/a> Program.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/nasas-new-mobile-launcher-stacks-up-for-future-artemis-missions\/\">Read<\/a> more about the mobile launcher.<\/p>\n<p><strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/#top\">\u203a Back to Top<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Chandra Notices the Galactic Center is Venting<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Recent images show evidence for an exhaust vent attached to a chimney releasing hot gas from a region around the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/chandra.si.edu\/xray_sources\/blackholes_sm.html\" rel=\"noopener\">supermassive black hole<\/a>\u00a0at the center of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/chandra.si.edu\/xray_sources\/normal_galaxies.html\" rel=\"noopener\">Milky Way<\/a>, as reported in a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/chandra.si.edu\/press\/24_releases\/press_050924.html\" rel=\"noopener\">press release<\/a>. In the main image of this graphic,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/chandra.si.edu\/xray_astro\/xrays.html\" rel=\"noopener\">X-rays<\/a>\u00a0from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/chandra.si.edu\/about\/\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA\u2019s Chandra X-ray Observatory<\/a>\u00a0(blue) have been combined with\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/chandra.si.edu\/resources\/em_radiation.html\" rel=\"noopener\">radio<\/a>\u00a0data from the MeerKAT telescope (red).<\/p>\n<p>Previously, astronomers had identified a \u201cchimney\u201d of hot gas near the Galactic Center using X-ray data from Chandra and ESA\u2019s XMM-Newton. Radio emission detected by MeerKAT shows the effect of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/chandra.si.edu\/resources\/glossaryM.html\" rel=\"noopener\">magnetic fields<\/a>\u00a0enclosing the gas in the chimney.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1887\" height=\"2048\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent.jpg?w=1887\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent.jpg 5140w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent.jpg?resize=276,300 276w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent.jpg?resize=768,834 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent.jpg?resize=943,1024 943w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent.jpg?resize=1415,1536 1415w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent.jpg?resize=1887,2048 1887w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent.jpg?resize=368,400 368w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent.jpg?resize=553,600 553w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent.jpg?resize=829,900 829w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent.jpg?resize=1105,1200 1105w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent.jpg?resize=1842,2000 1842w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1887px) 100vw, 1887px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">These images show evidence for an exhaust vent attached to a chimney releasing hot gas from a region around the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way. In the main image of this graphic, X-rays from NASA\u2019s Chandra X-ray Observatory (blue) have been combined with radio data from the MeerKAT telescope (red).<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">X-ray: NASA\/CXC\/Univ. of Chicago\/S.C. Mackey et al.; Radio: NRF\/SARAO\/MeerKAT; Image Processing: NASA\/CXC\/SAO\/N. Wolk<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>The evidence for the exhaust vent is highlighted in the inset, which includes only Chandra data. Several X-ray ridges showing brighter X-rays appear in white, roughly perpendicular to the plane of the Galaxy. Researchers think these are the walls of a tunnel, shaped like a cylinder, which helps funnel hot gas as it moves upwards along the chimney and away from the Galactic Center.<\/p>\n<p>A labeled version of the image gives the locations of the exhaust vent, the chimney, the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way Galaxy (called Sagittarius A*, or Sgr A* for short) and the plane of the galaxy.<\/p>\n<p>This newly discovered vent is located near the top of the chimney about 700\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/chandra.si.edu\/photo\/cosmic_distance.html\" rel=\"noopener\">light-years<\/a>\u00a0from the center of the Galaxy. To emphasize the chimney and exhaust vent features the image has been rotated by 180 degrees from the conventional orientation used by astronomers, so that the chimney is pointed upwards.<\/p>\n<p>The authors of the new study think that the exhaust vent formed when hot gas rising through the chimney struck cooler gas lying in its path. The brightness of the exhaust vent walls in X-rays is caused by shock waves \u2013 like sonic booms from supersonic planes \u2013 generated by this collision. The left side of the exhaust vent is likely particularly bright in X-rays because the gas flowing upwards is striking the tunnel wall at a more direct angle and with more force than other regions.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent-labeled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1986\" height=\"2048\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent-labeled.jpg?w=1986\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Chandra data reveal several X-ray ridges that astronomers think are the walls of a tunnel, shaped like a cylinder, which helps funnel hot gas as it moves away from the Galactic Center. This \u201cexhaust vent\u201d is connected to a previously-discovered \u201cchimney\u201d and helps release hot gas generated by the supermassive black hole at the Galactic Center. In this image, Chandra\u2019s X-rays are shown with radio data from MeerKAT to demonstrate the chimney and vent, with a closer-in view of the exhaust vent as well. The supermassive black hole is near the bottom of the image.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent-labeled.jpg 5892w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent-labeled.jpg?resize=291,300 291w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent-labeled.jpg?resize=768,792 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent-labeled.jpg?resize=993,1024 993w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent-labeled.jpg?resize=1489,1536 1489w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent-labeled.jpg?resize=1986,2048 1986w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent-labeled.jpg?resize=388,400 388w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent-labeled.jpg?resize=582,600 582w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent-labeled.jpg?resize=873,900 873w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent-labeled.jpg?resize=1164,1200 1164w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/vent-labeled.jpg?resize=1939,2000 1939w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1986px) 100vw, 1986px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">A labeled version of the image.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">X-ray: NASA\/CXC\/Univ. of Chicago\/S.C. Mackey et al.; Radio: NRF\/SARAO\/MeerKAT; Image Processing: NASA\/CXC\/SAO\/N. Wolk<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>The researchers determined that the hot gas is most likely coming from a sequence of events involving material falling towards Sgr A*. They think eruptions from the black hole then drove the gas upwards along the chimneys, and out through the exhaust vent.<\/p>\n<p>It is unclear how often material is falling onto Sgr A*. Previous studies have indicated that dramatic X-ray flares take place every few hundred years at or near the location of the central black hole, so those could play important roles in driving the hot gas upwards through the exhaust vent. Astronomers also estimate that the Galactic black hole rips apart and swallows a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/chandra.si.edu\/xray_sources\/stars.html\" rel=\"noopener\">star<\/a>\u00a0every 20,000 years or so. Such events would lead to powerful, explosive releases of energy, much of which would be destined to rise through the chimney vent.<\/p>\n<p>The paper describing these results is published in The Astrophysical Journal and a preprint\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2310.02892\" rel=\"noopener\">is available online<\/a>. The authors of the paper are Scott Mackey (University of Chicago), Mark Morris (University of California, Los Angeles), Gabriele Ponti (Italian National Institute of Astrophysics in Merate), Konstantina Anastasopoulou (Italian National Institute of Astrophysics in Palermo), and Samaresh Mondal (Italian National Institute of Astrophysics in Merate).<\/p>\n<p>NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center manages the Chandra program. The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory\u2019s Chandra X-ray Center controls science operations from Cambridge, Massachusetts, and flight operations from Burlington, Massachusetts.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/chandra.harvard.edu\/photo\/2024\/vent\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Read more from NASA\u2019s Chandra X-ray Observatory.<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/#top\">\u203a Back to Top<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Juno Mission Spots Jupiter\u2019s Tiny Moon Amalthea<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>NASA\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/juno\" rel=\"noopener\">Juno<\/a> mission captured new views of Jupiter during its 59th close flyby of the giant planet on March 7. They provide a good look at Jupiter\u2019s colorful belts and swirling storms, including the Great Red Spot. Close examination reveals something more: two glimpses of the tiny moon Amalthea.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/image-article\/nasas-juno-mission-spots-jupiters-tiny-moon-amalthea\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"2048\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-v01-reproj-120px-30-058153s-cx811-5-000000-taylorincem-crop1800x3600-tile.png?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"NASA\u2019s Juno mission captured these views of Jupiter during its 59th close flyby of the giant planet on March 7, 2024. They provide a good look at Jupiter\u2019s colorful belts and swirling storms, including the Great Red Spot.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-v01-reproj-120px-30-058153s-cx811-5-000000-taylorincem-crop1800x3600-tile.png 3600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-v01-reproj-120px-30-058153s-cx811-5-000000-taylorincem-crop1800x3600-tile.png?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-v01-reproj-120px-30-058153s-cx811-5-000000-taylorincem-crop1800x3600-tile.png?resize=300,300 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-v01-reproj-120px-30-058153s-cx811-5-000000-taylorincem-crop1800x3600-tile.png?resize=768,768 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-v01-reproj-120px-30-058153s-cx811-5-000000-taylorincem-crop1800x3600-tile.png?resize=1024,1024 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-v01-reproj-120px-30-058153s-cx811-5-000000-taylorincem-crop1800x3600-tile.png?resize=1536,1536 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-v01-reproj-120px-30-058153s-cx811-5-000000-taylorincem-crop1800x3600-tile.png?resize=2048,2048 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-v01-reproj-120px-30-058153s-cx811-5-000000-taylorincem-crop1800x3600-tile.png?resize=50,50 50w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-v01-reproj-120px-30-058153s-cx811-5-000000-taylorincem-crop1800x3600-tile.png?resize=100,100 100w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-v01-reproj-120px-30-058153s-cx811-5-000000-taylorincem-crop1800x3600-tile.png?resize=200,200 200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-v01-reproj-120px-30-058153s-cx811-5-000000-taylorincem-crop1800x3600-tile.png?resize=400,400 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-v01-reproj-120px-30-058153s-cx811-5-000000-taylorincem-crop1800x3600-tile.png?resize=600,600 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-v01-reproj-120px-30-058153s-cx811-5-000000-taylorincem-crop1800x3600-tile.png?resize=900,900 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-v01-reproj-120px-30-058153s-cx811-5-000000-taylorincem-crop1800x3600-tile.png?resize=1200,1200 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-v01-reproj-120px-30-058153s-cx811-5-000000-taylorincem-crop1800x3600-tile.png?resize=2000,2000 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">NASA\u2019s Juno mission captured these views of Jupiter during its 59th close flyby of the giant planet March 7. They provide a good look at Jupiter\u2019s colorful belts and swirling storms, including the Great Red Spot.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">Image data: NASA\/JPL-Caltech\/SwRI\/MSSS. Image processing by Gerald Eichst\u00e4dt<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>With a radius of just 52 miles, Amalthea has a potato-like shape, lacking the mass to pull itself into a sphere. In 2000, NASA\u2019s Galileo spacecraft revealed some surface features, including impact craters, hills, and valleys. Amalthea circles Jupiter inside Io\u2019s orbit, which is the innermost of the planet\u2019s four largest moons, taking 0.498 Earth days to complete one orbit.<\/p>\n<p>Amalthea is the reddest object in the solar system, and observations indicate it gives out more heat than it receives from the Sun. This may be because, as it orbits within Jupiter\u2019s powerful magnetic field, electric currents are induced in the moon\u2019s core. Alternatively, the heat could be from tidal stresses caused by Jupiter\u2019s gravity.<\/p>\n<p>At the time that the first of these two images was taken, the Juno spacecraft was about 165,000 miles above Jupiter\u2019s cloud tops, at a latitude of about 5 degrees north of the equator.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-reproj-120px-crop-amalthea-annot.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1120\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-reproj-120px-crop-amalthea-annot.png?w=1080\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"NASA\u2019s Juno mission captured these views of Jupiter during its 59th close flyby of the giant planet on March 7, 2024. They provide a good look at Jupiter\u2019s colorful belts and swirling storms, including the Great Red Spot. Close examination reveals something more: two glimpses of the tiny moon Amalthea.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-reproj-120px-crop-amalthea-annot.png 1080w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-reproj-120px-crop-amalthea-annot.png?resize=289,300 289w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-reproj-120px-crop-amalthea-annot.png?resize=768,796 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-reproj-120px-crop-amalthea-annot.png?resize=987,1024 987w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-reproj-120px-crop-amalthea-annot.png?resize=386,400 386w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-reproj-120px-crop-amalthea-annot.png?resize=579,600 579w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/jnce-2024067-59c00127-jnce-2024067-59c00129-v01-reproj-120px-crop-amalthea-annot.png?resize=868,900 868w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">A close examination of the views of Jupiter reveals two glimpses of the tiny moon Amalthea, highlighted in this image.<\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">Image data: NASA\/JPL-Caltech\/SwRI\/MSSS. Image processing by Gerald Eichst\u00e4dt<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Citizen scientist Gerald Eichst\u00e4dt made these images using raw data from the JunoCam instrument, applying processing techniques to enhance the clarity of the images.<\/p>\n<p>NASA\u2019s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of Caltech, manages the Juno mission for the principal investigator, Scott Bolton, of the Southwest Research Institute in San Antonio. Juno is part of NASA\u2019s New Frontiers Program, which is managed at NASA\u2019s Marshall Space Flight Center for the agency\u2019s Science Mission Directorate. The Italian Space Agency (ASI) funded the Jovian InfraRed Auroral Mapper. Lockheed Martin Space in Denver built and operates the spacecraft.<\/p>\n<p>Learn more about NASA <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/citizen-science\/\" rel=\"noopener\">citizen science<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/#top\">\u203a Back to Top<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Hubble Glimpses a Star-Forming Factory<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The celestial object showcased in an image from the NASA\/ESA\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/hubble\" rel=\"noopener\">Hubble Space Telescope<\/a>\u00a0is the spiral galaxy UGC 9684, which lies around 240 million light-years from Earth in the constellation Bo\u00f6tes. This image shows an impressive example of several classic galactic features, including a clear bar in the galaxy\u2019s center, and a halo surrounding its disk.<\/p>\n<div class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\">\n<div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\">\n<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\">\n<figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-none \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/hubble-ugc9684-potw2419a.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1101\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/hubble-ugc9684-potw2419a.png?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"This image from the NASA\/ESA Hubble Space Telescope highlights the spiral galaxy UGC 9684.\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/hubble-ugc9684-potw2419a.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/hubble-ugc9684-potw2419a.png?resize=300,215 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/hubble-ugc9684-potw2419a.png?resize=768,551 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/hubble-ugc9684-potw2419a.png?resize=1024,734 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/hubble-ugc9684-potw2419a.png?resize=400,287 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/hubble-ugc9684-potw2419a.png?resize=600,430 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/hubble-ugc9684-potw2419a.png?resize=900,645 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/hubble-ugc9684-potw2419a.png?resize=1200,860 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\"><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\">\n<div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">This image from the NASA\/ESA Hubble Space Telescope highlights the spiral galaxy UGC 9684. <\/div>\n<div class=\"hds-credits\">ESA\/Hubble &#038; NASA, C. Kilpatrick<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>The data for this Hubble image came from a study of Type-II supernovae host galaxies. These cataclysmic stellar explosions take place throughout the universe, and are of great interest to astronomers, so automated surveys scan the night sky and attempt to catch sight of them. The supernova which brought UGC 9684 to Hubble\u2019s attention occurred in 2020. It has since faded from view and is not visible in this image, which was taken in 2023.<\/p>\n<p>Remarkably, the 2020 supernova isn\u2019t the only one that astronomers have seen in this galaxy \u2013 UGC 9684 has hosted four supernova-like events since 2006, putting it up there with the most active supernova-producing galaxies. It turns out that UGC 9684 is a quite active star-forming galaxy, calculated as producing one solar mass worth of stars every few years. The most massive of these stars are short-lived, a few million years, and end their days as supernova explosions. This high level of star formation makes UGC 9684 a veritable supernova factory, and a galaxy to watch for astronomers hoping to examine these exceptional events.<\/p>\n<p><strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/#top\">\u203a Back to Top<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"wpematico_credit\"><small>Powered by <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wpematico.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">WPeMatico<\/a><\/small><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/marshall\/the-marshall-star-for-may-15-2024\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Get The Details&#8230;<\/a><br \/>\nLee Mohon  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Joint Chiefs Vice Chairman Visits Marshall Navy Adm. Christopher Grady, vice chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, his wife Christine Grady, and son Luke Grady talk with Nick Benjamin, right, a payload operations director for the International Space Station, at the Payload Operations Integration Center during the vice chairman\u2019s tour of NASA\u2019s Marshall Space [\u2026] <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"https:\/\/zobi.alcowep.com\/bourtagshdrevxnls658739\/the-marshall-star-for-may-15-2024\/\"> Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr; <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<div class='heateorSssClear'><\/div><div  class='heateor_sss_sharing_container heateor_sss_horizontal_sharing' data-heateor-sss-href='https:\/\/zobi.alcowep.com\/bourtagshdrevxnls658739\/the-marshall-star-for-may-15-2024\/'><div class='heateor_sss_sharing_title' style=\"font-weight:bold\" >Spread the love<\/div><div class=\"heateor_sss_sharing_ul\"><a aria-label=\"Facebook\" class=\"heateor_sss_facebook\" 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